diff --git a/src/Autoarr/Autoarr.h b/src/Autoarr/Autoarr.h
index 45cf50c..b059d00 100644
--- a/src/Autoarr/Autoarr.h
+++ b/src/Autoarr/Autoarr.h
@@ -23,20 +23,20 @@ Autoarr_declare(u64)
 
 Autoarr_declare(Unitype)
 
-#define Autoarr_foreach(ar,elem,codeblock)({ \
+#define Autoarr_foreach(ar, elem, codeblock...) { \
     if(ar->blocks_count>0) { \
         typeof(**ar->values) elem; \
         for(u16 blockI=0;blockI<ar->blocks_count-1;blockI++) \
             for(u32 elemI=0;elemI<ar->max_block_length;elemI++){ \
                 elem=ar->values[blockI][elemI]; \
-                (codeblock); \
+                { codeblock; } \
             } \
         for(u16 elemI=0;elemI<ar->block_length;elemI++){ \
             elem=ar->values[ar->blocks_count-1][elemI]; \
-            (codeblock); \
+            { codeblock; } \
         } \
     } \
-})
+}
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }
diff --git a/src/Autoarr/Autoarr_define.h b/src/Autoarr/Autoarr_define.h
index ec54f7a..a7badc4 100644
--- a/src/Autoarr/Autoarr_define.h
+++ b/src/Autoarr/Autoarr_define.h
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ void __Autoarr_##type##_freeWithoutMembers(Autoarr_##type* ar, bool freePtr){ \
 \
 void __Autoarr_##type##_freeWithMembers(Autoarr_##type* ar, bool freePtr){ \
     if(ktDescriptor_##type.freeMembers!=NULL) { \
-        Autoarr_foreach(ar, el, ({ \
+        Autoarr_foreach(ar, el,  \
             void* members_ptr=&el; \
             if(TYPE_IS_PTR) members_ptr=*(type**)members_ptr; \
             ktDescriptor_##type.freeMembers(members_ptr); \
-        })); \
+        ); \
     } \
     __Autoarr_##type##_freeWithoutMembers(ar, freePtr);\
 } \
diff --git a/src/DtsodParser/DtsodV24_serialize.c b/src/DtsodParser/DtsodV24_serialize.c
index 99804a7..1c81feb 100644
--- a/src/DtsodParser/DtsodV24_serialize.c
+++ b/src/DtsodParser/DtsodV24_serialize.c
@@ -55,12 +55,12 @@ Maybe __AppendValue(SerializeSharedData* shared, Unitype u){
             AppendTabs();
             addc('[');
             tabs++;
-            Autoarr_foreach(((Autoarr_Unitype*)(u.VoidPtr)), e, ({
+            Autoarr_foreach(((Autoarr_Unitype*)(u.VoidPtr)), e, 
                 addc('\n');
                 AppendTabs();
                 try(AppendValue(e),__,;);
                 addc(',');
-            }));
+            );
             StringBuilder_rmchar(b);
             addc('\n');
             tabs--;
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@ Maybe __AppendValue(SerializeSharedData* shared, Unitype u){
     else if(u.typeId==ktid_ptrName(Hashtable)){
         // check hashtable is blank
         bool hashtableNotBlank=false;
-        Hashtable_foreach(((Hashtable*)u.VoidPtr), __, ({
+        Hashtable_foreach(((Hashtable*)u.VoidPtr), __, 
             hashtableNotBlank=true;
             if(__.key) {} // weird way to disable warning
             break;
-        }));
+        );
         
         if(hashtableNotBlank){
             addc('\n');
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ Maybe __serialize(StringBuilder* _b, u8 _tabs, Hashtable* dtsod){
     };
     SerializeSharedData* shared=&_shared;
 
-    Hashtable_foreach(dtsod, p, ({
+    Hashtable_foreach(dtsod, p, 
         AppendTabs();
         StringBuilder_append_cptr(b,p.key);
         addc(':');
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ Maybe __serialize(StringBuilder* _b, u8 _tabs, Hashtable* dtsod){
         try(AppendValue(p.value),__,;);
         addc(';');
         addc('\n');
-    }));
+    );
 
     return MaybeNull;
 }
diff --git a/src/Hashtable/Hashtable.h b/src/Hashtable/Hashtable.h
index ba7755f..48c57b8 100644
--- a/src/Hashtable/Hashtable.h
+++ b/src/Hashtable/Hashtable.h
@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ Unitype* Hashtable_getPtr(Hashtable* ht, char* key);
 Unitype Hashtable_get(Hashtable* ht, char* key);
 bool Hashtable_try_get(Hashtable* ht, char* key, Unitype* output);
 
-#define Hashtable_foreach(HT, EL, codeblock)({ \
+#define Hashtable_foreach(HT, EL, codeblock...) { \
     u16 hmax=Hashtable_height(HT); \
     for(u16 h=0; h<hmax; h++){ \
         Autoarr(KVPair)* AR=HT->rows[h]; \
         Autoarr_foreach(AR, EL, codeblock); \
     } \
-})
+}
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }
diff --git a/src/LinkedList/LinkedList.h b/src/LinkedList/LinkedList.h
index 441d6bf..f8435d6 100644
--- a/src/LinkedList/LinkedList.h
+++ b/src/LinkedList/LinkedList.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define LLNode_create(TYPE, VALUE) LLNode_##TYPE##_create(VALUE)
 
 #define LinkedList_create(TYPE) LinkedList_##TYPE##_create()
-#define LinkedList_free(LLIST) ({ LLIST->_functions->freeMembers(LLIST); free(LLIST); })
+#define LinkedList_free(LLIST)  ({ LLIST->_functions->freeMembers(LLIST); free(LLIST); })
 
 
 void LinkedList_addToBeginning(void* _llist, void* _new_node);
diff --git a/src/String/StringBuilder.c b/src/String/StringBuilder.c
index ead636b..91139e8 100644
--- a/src/String/StringBuilder.c
+++ b/src/String/StringBuilder.c
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ void complete_buf(StringBuilder* b){
     if(!len) return;
     string str={.length=len, .ptr=malloc(len)};
     u32 i=0;
-    Autoarr_foreach(b->curr_buf, c, ({
+    Autoarr_foreach(b->curr_buf, c, 
         str.ptr[i++]=c;
-    }));
+    );
     Autoarr_add(b->compl_bufs,str);
     Autoarr_free(b->curr_buf, true);
     b->curr_buf=Autoarr_create(i8,BL_C,BL_L);
@@ -47,17 +47,17 @@ void StringBuilder_free(StringBuilder* b){
 string StringBuilder_build(StringBuilder* b){
     complete_buf(b);
     u32 len=0;
-    Autoarr_foreach(b->compl_bufs, cs, ({
+    Autoarr_foreach(b->compl_bufs, cs, 
         len+=cs.length;
-    }));
+    );
     string str= { .length=len, .ptr=malloc(len+1) };
     str.ptr[len]='\0';
     u32 i=0;
-    Autoarr_foreach(b->compl_bufs, cs, ({
+    Autoarr_foreach(b->compl_bufs, cs, 
         for(u32 n=0;n<cs.length;n++)
             str.ptr[i++]=cs.ptr[n];
         free(cs.ptr);
-    }));
+    );
     StringBuilder_free(b);
     return str;
 }
diff --git a/src/base/errors.h b/src/base/errors.h
index 2608ec0..07b8569 100644
--- a/src/base/errors.h
+++ b/src/base/errors.h
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ void printMaybe(Maybe e);
 
 #define __RETURN_EXCEPTION(ERRMSG) return (Maybe){.value=UniNull, .errmsg=ERRMSG}
 
-#define __EXIT(ERRMSG) ({ kprintf("\e[91m%s\e[0m \n", ERRMSG); free(ERRMSG); exit(128); })
+#define __EXIT(ERRMSG)  ({ kprintf("\e[91m%s\e[0m \n", ERRMSG); free(ERRMSG); exit(128); })
 
 char* __doNothing(char* a);
 char* __unknownErr( );
diff --git a/src/base/optime.h b/src/base/optime.h
index f8bc411..d6a65ae 100644
--- a/src/base/optime.h
+++ b/src/base/optime.h
@@ -19,23 +19,23 @@
 /// executes codeblock and prints execution time
 /// u64 op_i is counter of the internal loop
 /// uses non-standard high-precision clock
-#define optime(opname,repeats,codeblock) ({ \
+#define optime(opname, repeats, codeblock...) { \
     struct timespec start, stop; \
     clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &start); \
     for(u64 op_i=0;op_i<(u64)repeats;op_i++) \
-        (codeblock); \
+        { codeblock; } \
     clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &stop); \
     f64 t=(f64)(stop.tv_sec-start.tv_sec)*1000000+(f64)(stop.tv_nsec-start.tv_nsec)/1000; \
-    __optime_print(opname,t) \
-})
+    __optime_print(opname,t); \
+}
 #else 
 /// uses standard low precision clock
-#define optime(opname,repeats,codeblock) ({ \
+#define optime(opname, repeats, codeblock...) { \
     clock_t start=clock(); \
     for(u64 op_i=0;op_i<(u64)repeats;op_i++) \
-        (codeblock); \
+        { codeblock; } \
     clock_t stop=clock(); \
     f64 t=(f64)(stop-start)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC*1000000; \
-    __optime_print(opname,t) \
-})
+    __optime_print(opname,t); \
+}
 #endif
diff --git a/src/kprint/kprintf.c b/src/kprint/kprintf.c
index 81a9c29..0f9e0a6 100644
--- a/src/kprint/kprintf.c
+++ b/src/kprint/kprintf.c
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ void kprintf(const char* format, ...){
     va_start(vl, format);
     u32 i=0;
     for(char c=format[i++]; c!=0; c=format[i++]){
+        // value format specifiers
         if(c=='%'){
             char* argstr=NULL;
             bool l=false;
@@ -112,8 +113,11 @@ void kprintf(const char* format, ...){
                 fputs(argstr, stdout);
                 free(argstr);
             }
-        } else if(c=='\e'){
+        }
+        // escape sequences 
+        else if(c=='\e'){
             IFWIN(
+                /* WINDOWS */
                 ({
                     if((c=format[i++])=='['){
                         u8 colorUnix=0;
@@ -135,9 +139,12 @@ void kprintf(const char* format, ...){
                         }
                     }
                 }),
+                /* UNIX */
                 putc(c,stdout);
             );
-        } else {
+        }
+        // common characters 
+        else {
             putc(c,stdout);
         }
         #if defined(_WIN64) || defined(_WIN32)
diff --git a/tests/test_autoarr-vs-vector.cpp b/tests/test_autoarr-vs-vector.cpp
index c85675b..306f87a 100644
--- a/tests/test_autoarr-vs-vector.cpp
+++ b/tests/test_autoarr-vs-vector.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ i64 _autoarrVsVector(u16 blockCount, u16 blockLength){
 }
 
 void test_autoarrVsVector(){
-    optime(__func__, 1, ({
+    optime(__func__, 1, 
         kprintf("\e[96m-------[test_autoarr_vs_vector]-------\n");
         _autoarrVsVector(4, 16);
         _autoarrVsVector(16, 64);
@@ -30,5 +30,5 @@ void test_autoarrVsVector(){
         _autoarrVsVector(32, 1024);
         _autoarrVsVector(256, 256);
         _autoarrVsVector(1024, 1024);
-    }));
+    );
 }
diff --git a/tests/test_autoarr.c b/tests/test_autoarr.c
index 3e468fb..07f8fb7 100644
--- a/tests/test_autoarr.c
+++ b/tests/test_autoarr.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ static void printallval(Autoarr(u16)* ar){
 }
 
 void test_autoarr(){
-    optime("test_autoarr",1,({
+    optime("test_autoarr",1,
         kprintf("\e[96m------------[test_autoarr]------------\n");
         Autoarr(u16)* ar=Autoarr_create(u16,10,16);
         kprintf("\e[92mautoarr created\n");
@@ -49,5 +49,5 @@ void test_autoarr(){
         printallval(ar);
         Autoarr_free(ar, true);
         kprintf("\e[92mautoarr deleted\n");
-    }));
+    );
 }
diff --git a/tests/test_dtsod.c b/tests/test_dtsod.c
index 8af576c..d5ea59d 100644
--- a/tests/test_dtsod.c
+++ b/tests/test_dtsod.c
@@ -16,50 +16,50 @@ const char text[]=
 
 void print_dtsod(Hashtable* dtsod){
     kprintf("\e[92m");
-    Hashtable_foreach(dtsod, p,({
+    Hashtable_foreach(dtsod, p,
         printkvp(p);
         if(p.value.typeId==ktid_ptrName(Hashtable)){
             kprintf(": {\n");
             Hashtable* sub=p.value.VoidPtr;
-            Hashtable_foreach(sub, _p,({
+            Hashtable_foreach(sub, _p,
                 kprintf("    ");
                 printkvp(_p);
                 kprintf("\n");
-            }));
+            );
             kprintf("}");
         }
         kprintf("\n");
-    }));
+    );
 }
 
 void test_dtsod(){
-    optime(__func__,1,({
+    optime(__func__,1,
         kprintf("\e[96m-------------[test_dtsod]-------------\n");
         Hashtable* dtsod;
         char* s;
 
-        optime("deserialize",1,({
+        optime("deserialize",1,
             tryLast(DtsodV24_deserialize(text),r) 
                 dtsod=r.value.VoidPtr;
-        }));
+        );
         print_dtsod(dtsod);
 
-        optime("serialize",1,({
+        optime("serialize",1,
             tryLast(DtsodV24_serialize(dtsod),r)
                 s=r.value.VoidPtr;
-        }));
+        );
         DtsodV24_free(dtsod);
         kprintf("\e[92m%s",s);
 
-        optime("reserialize",10,({
+        optime("reserialize",10,
             tryLast(DtsodV24_deserialize(s),r) 
                 dtsod=r.value.VoidPtr;
             free(s);
             tryLast(DtsodV24_serialize(dtsod),rr)
                 s=rr.value.VoidPtr;
             DtsodV24_free(dtsod);
-        }));
+        );
 
         free(s);
-    }));
+    );
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/test_hash_functions.c b/tests/test_hash_functions.c
index 7ca4fa3..7357b81 100644
--- a/tests/test_hash_functions.c
+++ b/tests/test_hash_functions.c
@@ -8,39 +8,39 @@
 
 char data[]="iojihiojopijiugbjmoihftytryfdrh";
 
-#define test_hashfunc(hasht, hashf)({ \
+#define test_hashfunc(hasht, hashf) { \
     kprintf("\e[94mfunction: \e[92m" #hashf "\n"); \
     hasht h=0; \
-    optime("speed test", 1, ({ \
+    optime("speed test", 1,  \
         for(u32 i=0; i<SPEED_TESTS; i++) \
             h=hashf(h, data, sizeof(data)); \
-    })); \
+    ); \
     /*kprintf("\e[94mhash of \"\e[90m%s\e[94m\": \e[92m%x\n",data, h);*/ \
     Autoarr(hasht)* hashes=Autoarr_create(hasht,512,32768); \
-    optime("collision test",1,({ \
+    optime("collision test",1, \
         u32 collisions=0; \
         for(u64 i=0;i< COLLISION_TESTS;i++){ \
             hasht h=hashb(hashf, (u8*)&i, sizeof(i)); \
             bool col=false; \
-            Autoarr_foreach(hashes,e,({ \
+            Autoarr_foreach(hashes,e, \
                 if(e==h) { \
                     col=true; \
                     break; \
                 } \
-            })); \
+            ); \
             if(col) collisions++; \
             else Autoarr_add(hashes,h); \
         } \
         kprintf("\e[93m%u \e[94mcollisions detected in %u hashes\n", collisions, COLLISION_TESTS); \
-    })); \
+    ); \
     Autoarr_free(hashes, true); \
     kprintf("\e[96m--------------------------------------\n"); \
-})
+}
 
 void test_hash_functions(){
-    optime("test_hash_functions",1,({
+    optime("test_hash_functions",1,
         kprintf("\e[96m--------[test_hash_functions]---------\n");
         test_hashfunc(u32, hash_crc32);
         test_hashfunc(u32, hash_sdbm32);
-    }));
+    );
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/test_hashtable.c b/tests/test_hashtable.c
index 413b7c8..24e5dab 100644
--- a/tests/test_hashtable.c
+++ b/tests/test_hashtable.c
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Unitype gett(Hashtable* ht){
 
 
 void test_hashtable(){
-    optime("test_hashtable",1,({
+    optime("test_hashtable",1,
         kprintf("\e[96m-----------[test_hashtable]-----------\n");
         Hashtable* ht=Hashtable_create();
         kprintf("\e[92mhashtable created\n");
@@ -73,5 +73,5 @@ void test_hashtable(){
         print_hashtable(ht);
         Hashtable_free(ht);
         kprintf("\e[92mhashtable freed\n");
-    }));
+    );
 }
diff --git a/tests/test_rng_algorithms.c b/tests/test_rng_algorithms.c
index 04f6e1e..1ae83c7 100644
--- a/tests/test_rng_algorithms.c
+++ b/tests/test_rng_algorithms.c
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #include "../src/random/krandom.h"
 
 
-#define test_alg(ALG, VALUE_SIZE, EXPECTED_FROM_ZERO){ \
+#define test_alg(ALG, VALUE_SIZE, EXPECTED_FROM_ZERO) { \
     kprintf("\e[94mrng algorithm: \e[96m" #ALG "\n"); \
     void* s= ALG##_init(0); \
     u##VALUE_SIZE r=ALG##_next(s); \
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 }
 
 void test_rng_algorithms(){
-    optime("test_rng_algorithms",1,({
+    optime("test_rng_algorithms",1,
         kprintf("\e[96m--------[test_rng_algorithms]---------\n");  
         // for ALG32      
             // xoroshiro64
@@ -41,5 +41,5 @@ void test_rng_algorithms(){
         test_alg(xoshiro256starstar, 64, 11091344671253066420ULL)
             // splitmix64
         test_alg(splitmix64, 64, 16294208416658607535ULL)
-    }));
+    );
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/test_safethrow.c b/tests/test_safethrow.c
index 14e4e1e..5d71ef3 100644
--- a/tests/test_safethrow.c
+++ b/tests/test_safethrow.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Maybe a(){ try(b(),_,;) return MaybeNull; }
 
 void test_safethrow(){
     kprintf("\e[96m-----------[test_safethrow]-----------\n");
-    optime("test_safethrow", 1, ({
+    optime("test_safethrow", 1, 
         Maybe e=test_maybe();
         kprintf("\e[94mthrow_error:\n\e[92m");
         printMaybe(e);
@@ -39,5 +39,5 @@ void test_safethrow(){
         e=a();
         printMaybe(e);
         Maybe_free(e);
-    }));
+    );
 }
diff --git a/tests/test_searchtree.c b/tests/test_searchtree.c
index d315e50..4682e0b 100644
--- a/tests/test_searchtree.c
+++ b/tests/test_searchtree.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ void printstnode(STNode* node){
 }
 
 void test_searchtree(){
-    optime("test_searchtree",1,({
+    optime("test_searchtree",1,
         kprintf("\e[96m-----------[test_searchtree]----------\n");
         STNode* node=STNode_create();
         kprintf("\e[92mnode created\n");
@@ -70,5 +70,5 @@ void test_searchtree(){
         printstnode(node);
         STNode_free(node);
         kprintf("\e[92mnode deleted\n");
-    }));
+    );
 }
diff --git a/tests/test_string.c b/tests/test_string.c
index ff861f9..6bb9743 100644
--- a/tests/test_string.c
+++ b/tests/test_string.c
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #include "../src/String/string.h"
 
 void test_string(){
-    optime(__func__,1,({
+    optime(__func__,1,
         kprintf("\e[96m-------------[test_string]------------\n");
         char c[]="0123456789abcdef";
         string s={.ptr=c, .length=cptr_length(c)};
@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ void test_string(){
         char* p=string_extract(s);
         kprintf("\e[94mstring_extract() -> \e[92m\"%s\"\n",p);
         free(p);
-    }));
+    );
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/tests.h b/tests/tests.h
index 616721a..2788cac 100644
--- a/tests/tests.h
+++ b/tests/tests.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ void test_type_system();
 
 inline void test_all(){
     kprintf("\e[97mkerep tests are starting!\n");
-    optime(__func__, 1, ({
+    optime(__func__, 1, 
         test_type_system();
         test_string();
         test_safethrow();
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ inline void test_all(){
         test_hashtable();
         test_dtsod();
         kprintf("\e[96m--------------------------------------\e[0m\n");
-    }));
+    );
 }
 
 #define PRINT_SIZEOF(T) kprintf("\e[94m" #T " size: \e[96m" IFWIN("%llu", "%lu") "\n", sizeof(T))