Hashtable

.gitignore

@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ obj/
 
 # user files
 .old*/
+[Tt]mp/
+[Tt]emp/
+.[Tt]mp/
+.[Tt]emp/
 .vs/
 .vshistory/
 .editorconfig

.vscode/launch.json

@@ -42,16 +42,6 @@
                 "pipeArgs": ["-c"],
                 "pipeCwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
             }
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "(msvc) Debug",
-            "type": "cppvsdbg",
-            "request": "launch",
-            "preLaunchTask": "build_dbg",
-            "program": "${workspaceFolder}\\bin\\kerep",
-            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}\\bin",
-            "stopAtEntry": false,
-            "console": "integratedTerminal"
         }
     ]
 }

.vscode/tasks.json

@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@
           "reveal": "always",
           "focus": true,
           "panel": "shared",
-          "showReuseMessage": false,
-          "clean": true
+          "showReuseMessage": false
         }
       }
     ]

TODO.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+## Allocators
+- replace all malloc() and free() with allocator_alloc() and allocator_free()
+- replace allocating constructors with Type_construct(var_ptr, ...)
+- replace Struct_free functions with Struct_destruct which will not call free() on the struct ptr
+- store in resizable structs their buffer allocators and free them with Struct_destruct()
+- check allocator_free call order
+- deal with StackingAllocator_free not freing memory sometimes
+- replace LinearAllocator with StackingAllocator when possible (in DtsodV24_deserialize)
+- use LinkedList instead of complicated LinearAllocator logic
+- configurable LinearAllocator chunk size (static/growing)
+
+## Autoarr
+- store length and max_length inside the struct instead of calculating them by macro
+- keep Autoarr_length() and Autoarr_maxLength() to old code compatibility
+- toString()
+
+## Hashtable
+- store hash in KVPair
+- don't use Autoarr in Hashtable
+- make Hashtable generic struct
+
+## Unitype
+- replace UniPtrHeap with UniPtrStack
+- do something with VoidPtr ownership
+
+## String
+- add `bool zero_terminated`
+- rewrite all code to use `string` instead of `char*`
+- rewrite `StringBuilder` 

src/Array/Array.c

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-#include "Array.h"
-
-Array_define(char)
-Array_define(bool)
-Array_define(f32)
-Array_define(f64)
-Array_define(i8)
-Array_define(u8)
-Array_define(i16)
-Array_define(u16)
-Array_define(i32)
-Array_define(u32)
-Array_define(i64)
-Array_define(u64)
-Array_define(Pointer)
-
-Array_define(Unitype)
-
-void Array_Unitype_free_(Array_Unitype* array, bool freeMembers){
-    if(freeMembers) for (u32 i=0; i<array->length; i++)
-        Unitype_free(array->values[i]);
-    if(array->allocatedOnHeap)
-        free(array->values);
-}
-
-void __Array_Unitype_free_(void* ar)
-{ Array_Unitype_free_(ar, true); }

src/Array/Array.h

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#if __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-#include "Array_declare.h"
-#include "Array_define.h"
-
-Array_declare(char)
-Array_declare(bool)
-Array_declare(f32)
-Array_declare(f64)
-Array_declare(i8)
-Array_declare(u8)
-Array_declare(i16)
-Array_declare(u16)
-Array_declare(i32)
-Array_declare(u32)
-Array_declare(i64)
-Array_declare(u64)
-Array_declare(Pointer)
-
-Array_declare(Unitype)
-
-/// use this function instead of auto generated
-void Array_Unitype_free_(Array_Unitype* array, bool freeMembers);
-void __Array_Unitype_free_(void* ar);
-
-#if __cplusplus
-}
-#endif

src/Array/Array_declare.h

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#if __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-#include "../base/base.h"
-
-#define Array_declare(type) \
-STRUCT(Array_##type, \
-    type* values; \
-    u32 length; \
-    bool allocatedOnHeap; \
-) \
-\
-static inline Array_##type Array_##type##_allocValues(u32 length){ \
-    return (Array_##type) { \
-        .values=(type*)malloc(sizeof(type)*length), \
-        .length=length, \
-        .allocatedOnHeap=true \
-    }; \
-} \
-\
-static inline Array_##type Array_##type##_fromBuffer(type* buffer, u32 bufferLength, bool allocatedOnHeap){ \
-    return (Array_##type) { \
-        .values=buffer, \
-        .length=bufferLength, \
-        .allocatedOnHeap=allocatedOnHeap \
-    }; \
-} \
-\
-static inline void Array_##type##_free(Array_##type* array){ \
-    if(array->allocatedOnHeap) \
-        free(array->values); \
-}
-
-#if __cplusplus
-}
-#endif

src/Array/Array_define.h

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#if __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-#include "../base/base.h"
-
-#define Array_define(type) \
-kt_define(Array_##type, (freeMembers_t)Array_##type##_free, NULL);
-
-#if __cplusplus
-}
-#endif

src/Array/README.md

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# Array struct
-This struct stores array pointer and length.  If you want to use `Array` of some type, it should be declared in header file by macro `Array_declare` and defined in source file by `Array_define`.

src/Autoarr/Autoarr.c

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 #include "Autoarr.h"
 
-Autoarr_define(Pointer, true)
-Autoarr_define(char, false)
-Autoarr_define(bool, false)
-Autoarr_define(f32, false)
-Autoarr_define(f64, false)
-Autoarr_define(u8, false)
-Autoarr_define(i8, false)
-Autoarr_define(u16, false)
-Autoarr_define(i16, false)
-Autoarr_define(u32, false)
-Autoarr_define(i32, false)
-Autoarr_define(u64, false)
-Autoarr_define(i64, false)
+Autoarr_define(Pointer)
+Autoarr_define(char)
+Autoarr_define(bool)
+Autoarr_define(f32)
+Autoarr_define(f64)
+Autoarr_define(u8)
+Autoarr_define(i8)
+Autoarr_define(u16)
+Autoarr_define(i16)
+Autoarr_define(u32)
+Autoarr_define(i32)
+Autoarr_define(u64)
+Autoarr_define(i64)
 
-Autoarr_define(Unitype, false)
+Autoarr_define(Unitype)

src/Autoarr/Autoarr.h

@@ -23,21 +23,6 @@ Autoarr_declare(u64)
 
 Autoarr_declare(Unitype)
 
-#define Autoarr_foreach(ar, elem, codeblock...) { \
-    if(ar->blocks_count>0) { \
-        typeof(**ar->values) elem; \
-        for(u16 blockI=0;blockI<ar->blocks_count-1;blockI++) \
-            for(u32 elemI=0;elemI<ar->max_block_length;elemI++){ \
-                elem=ar->values[blockI][elemI]; \
-                { codeblock; } \
-            } \
-        for(u16 elemI=0;elemI<ar->block_length;elemI++){ \
-            elem=ar->values[ar->blocks_count-1][elemI]; \
-            { codeblock; } \
-        } \
-    } \
-}
-
 #if __cplusplus
 }
 #endif

src/Autoarr/Autoarr_KVPair_exported.c

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-#if __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-#include "Autoarr.h"
-#include "../Hashtable/KeyValuePair.h"
-
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_KVPair_create(u16 max_blocks_count, u16 max_block_length, Autoarr_KVPair** output){
-    *output=Autoarr_create(KVPair, max_blocks_count, max_block_length);
-}
-
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_KVPair_free(Autoarr_KVPair* ar){
-    Autoarr_free(ar, true);
-}
-
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_KVPair_get(Autoarr_KVPair* ar, u32 index, KVPair* output){
-    *output=Autoarr_get(ar, index);
-}
-
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_KVPair_add(Autoarr_KVPair* ar, KVPair element){
-    Autoarr_add(ar, element);
-}
-
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_KVPair_set(Autoarr_KVPair* ar, u32 index, KVPair element){
-    Autoarr_set(ar, index, element);
-}
-
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_KVPair_length(Autoarr_KVPair* ar, u32* output){
-    *output=Autoarr_length(ar);
-}
-
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_KVPair_max_length(Autoarr_KVPair* ar, u32* output){
-    *output=Autoarr_max_length(ar);
-}
-
-#if __cplusplus
-}
-#endif

src/Autoarr/Autoarr_Unitype_exported.c_old

@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ extern "C" {
 
 #include "Autoarr.h"
 
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_Unitype_create(u16 max_blocks_count, u16 max_block_length, Autoarr_Unitype** output){
-    *output=Autoarr_create(Unitype, max_blocks_count, max_block_length);
+EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_Unitype_create(u16 max_chunks_count, u16 max_chunk_length, Autoarr_Unitype** output){
+    *output=Autoarr_construct(Unitype, max_chunks_count, max_chunk_length);
 }
 
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_Unitype_free(Autoarr_Unitype* ar){
-    Autoarr_free(ar, true);
+EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_Unitype_destruct(Autoarr_Unitype* ar){
+    Autoarr_destruct(ar, true);
 }
 
 EXPORT void CALL kerep_Autoarr_Unitype_get(Autoarr_Unitype* ar, u32 index, Unitype* output){

src/Autoarr/Autoarr_declare.h

@@ -6,67 +6,60 @@ extern "C" {
 
 #include "../base/base.h"
 
-#define Autoarr_declare(type) \
+#define Autoarr_declare(TYPE) \
 \
-struct Autoarr_##type; \
+typedef struct Autoarr_##TYPE Autoarr_##TYPE; \
 \
-typedef struct __Autoarr_##type##_functions_list_t { \
-    void (*add)(struct Autoarr_##type* ar, type element); \
-    type (*get)(struct Autoarr_##type* ar, u32 index); \
-    type* (*getPtr)(struct Autoarr_##type* ar, u32 index); \
-    void (*set)(struct Autoarr_##type* ar, u32 index, type element); \
-    void (*freeWithMembers)(struct Autoarr_##type* ar, bool freePtr); \
-    void (*freeWithoutMembers)(struct Autoarr_##type* ar, bool freePtr); \
-    type* (*toArray)(struct Autoarr_##type* ar); \
-} __Autoarr_##type##_functions_list_t; \
+typedef struct __Autoarr_##TYPE##_functions_list_t { \
+    void (*add)(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, TYPE element); \
+    TYPE (*get)(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, u32 index); \
+    TYPE* (*getPtr)(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, u32 index); \
+    void (*set)(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, u32 index, TYPE element); \
+    TYPE* (*toArray)(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, allocator_ptr array_holder); \
+} __Autoarr_##TYPE##_functions_list_t; \
 \
-extern __Autoarr_##type##_functions_list_t __Autoarr_##type##_functions_list; \
-\
-STRUCT(Autoarr_##type, \
-    u16 blocks_count; \
-    u16 max_blocks_count; \
-    u16 block_length; \
-    u16 max_block_length; \
-    type** values; \
-    __Autoarr_##type##_functions_list_t* functions; \
+STRUCT(Autoarr_##TYPE, \
+    InternalAllocator_declare(LinearAllocator); \
+    __Autoarr_##TYPE##_functions_list_t* functions; \
+    ktDescriptor* type; \
+    u32 length; \
+    TYPE* _typeof_target; \
 ) \
 \
-Autoarr_##type* __Autoarr_##type##_create(u16 max_blocks_count, u16 max_block_length); \
-void __Autoarr_##type##_freeWithMembers(Autoarr_##type* ar, bool freePtr); \
-void ____Autoarr_##type##_freeWithMembers(void* ar);
+void __Autoarr_##TYPE##_construct(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, alloc_size_t starting_size, allocator_ptr external_al); \
+void __Autoarr_##TYPE##_destruct(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar); \
 
-#define Autoarr(type) Autoarr_##type
+#define Autoarr(TYPE) Autoarr_##TYPE
 
-#define Autoarr_create(type, max_blocks_count, max_block_length) \
-    __Autoarr_##type##_create(max_blocks_count, max_block_length)
-#define Autoarr_add(autoarr, element) \
-    autoarr->functions->add(autoarr, element)
-#define Autoarr_get(autoarr, index) \
-    autoarr->functions->get(autoarr,index)
-#define Autoarr_getPtr(autoarr, index) \
-    autoarr->functions->getPtr(autoarr,index)
-#define Autoarr_set(autoarr, index, element) \
-    autoarr->functions->set(autoarr, index, element)
-#define Autoarr_free(autoarr, freePtr) \
-    autoarr->functions->freeWithMembers(autoarr, freePtr)
-#define Autoarr_freeWithoutMembers(autoarr, freePtr) \
-    autoarr->functions->freeWithoutMembers(autoarr, freePtr)
-#define Autoarr_toArray(autoarr) \
-    autoarr->functions->toArray(autoarr)
+#define Autoarr_construct(ptr, TYPE, starting_size, data_allocator) \
+    __Autoarr_##TYPE##_construct(ptr, starting_size, data_allocator)
+#define Autoarr_destruct(autoarr)               (autoarr)->type->destruct(autoarr)
+#define Autoarr_add(autoarr, element)           (autoarr)->functions->add(autoarr, element)
+#define Autoarr_get(autoarr, index)             (autoarr)->functions->get(autoarr,index)
+#define Autoarr_getPtr(autoarr, index)          (autoarr)->functions->getPtr(autoarr,index)
+#define Autoarr_set(autoarr, index, element)    (autoarr)->functions->set(autoarr, index, element)
+#define Autoarr_toArray(autoarr, array_alloctr) (autoarr)->functions->toArray(autoarr, array_alloctr)
+#define Autoarr_length(autoarr)                 (autoarr)->length
+#define Autoarr_pop(autoarr) { \
+    u32 new_len=(autoarr)->length-1; \
+    allocator_free(InternalAllocator_getPtr((autoarr)), Autoarr_getPtr((autoarr), new_len)); \
+    (autoarr)->length=new_len; \
+}
 
-#define Autoarr_length(autoarr) \
-    (u32)(!autoarr->blocks_count ? 0 : \
-    autoarr->max_block_length*(autoarr->blocks_count-1)+autoarr->block_length)
-#define Autoarr_max_length(autoarr) \
-    (u32)(autoarr->max_block_length*autoarr->max_blocks_count)
-
-#define Autoarr_pop(AR){ \
-    if(AR->block_length==1){ \
-        AR->blocks_count--; \
-        AR->block_length=AR->max_block_length; \
-        free(AR->values[AR->blocks_count]); \
+#define Autoarr_foreach(ar, elem, codeblock...) { \
+    if((ar)->length > 0) { \
+        typeof(*((ar)->_typeof_target)) elem; \
+        LinearAllocator* al=(LinearAllocator*)InternalAllocator_getPtr(ar); \
+        for(u16 chunk_i=0; chunk_i <= al->curr_chunk_i; chunk_i++) { \
+            MemoryChunk chunk = al->chunks[chunk_i]; \
+            alloc_size_t chunk_elem_count = chunk.occupied_size/sizeof(elem); \
+            typeof((ar)->_typeof_target) chunk_data = (void*)chunk.data; \
+            for(u32 elem##_i=0; elem##_i < chunk_elem_count; elem##_i++) { \
+                elem = chunk_data[elem##_i]; \
+                { codeblock; } \
+            } \
+        } \
     } \
-    else AR->block_length--; \
 }
 
 #if __cplusplus

src/Autoarr/Autoarr_define.h

@@ -6,94 +6,72 @@ extern "C" {
 
 #include "../base/base.h"
 
-#define Autoarr_define(type, TYPE_IS_PTR) \
+#define Autoarr_define(TYPE) \
 \
-kt_define(Autoarr_##type, ____Autoarr_##type##_freeWithMembers, NULL); \
+void __Autoarr_##TYPE##_add(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, TYPE element){ \
+    TYPE* ptr = allocator_alloc(InternalAllocator_getPtr(ar), sizeof(element)); \
+    *ptr=element; \
+    ar->length++; \
+} \
 \
-void __Autoarr_##type##_add(Autoarr_##type* ar, type element){ \
-    if(!ar->values){ \
-        ar->values=malloc(ar->max_blocks_count*sizeof(type*)); \
-        goto create_block; \
+TYPE* __Autoarr_##TYPE##_getPtr(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, u32 index){ \
+    if(index >= Autoarr_length(ar)) \
+        throw(ERR_WRONGINDEX); \
+    u32 elem_count_sum=0; \
+    LinearAllocator* al=(LinearAllocator*)InternalAllocator_getPtr(ar); \
+    for(u16 chunk_i=0; chunk_i <= al->curr_chunk_i; chunk_i++) { \
+        MemoryChunk chunk = al->chunks[chunk_i]; \
+        alloc_size_t chunk_elem_count = chunk.occupied_size/sizeof(TYPE); \
+        alloc_size_t chunk_elem_i = index - elem_count_sum; \
+        if(chunk_elem_i < chunk_elem_count){ \
+            return chunk.data + chunk_elem_i*sizeof(TYPE); \
         } \
-    if(ar->block_length==ar->max_block_length){ \
-        if (ar->blocks_count>=ar->max_blocks_count) throw(ERR_MAXLENGTH); \
-        ar->block_length=0; \
-create_block: \
-        ar->values[ar->blocks_count]=malloc(ar->max_block_length*sizeof(type)); \
-        ar->blocks_count++; \
+        elem_count_sum += chunk_elem_count; \
     } \
-    ar->values[ar->blocks_count-1][ar->block_length]=element; \
-    ar->block_length++; \
+    return NULL; \
 } \
 \
-type __Autoarr_##type##_get(Autoarr_##type* ar, u32 index){ \
-    if(index>=Autoarr_length(ar)) throw(ERR_WRONGINDEX); \
-    return ar->values[index/ar->max_block_length][index%ar->max_block_length]; \
+TYPE __Autoarr_##TYPE##_get(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, u32 index){ \
+    TYPE* ptr=__Autoarr_##TYPE##_getPtr(ar, index); \
+    return *ptr; \
 } \
 \
-type* __Autoarr_##type##_getPtr(Autoarr_##type* ar, u32 index){ \
-    if(index>=Autoarr_length(ar)) throw(ERR_WRONGINDEX); \
-    return ar->values[index/ar->max_block_length]+(index%ar->max_block_length); \
+void __Autoarr_##TYPE##_set(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, u32 index, TYPE value){ \
+    TYPE* ptr=__Autoarr_##TYPE##_getPtr(ar, index); \
+    *ptr=value; \
 } \
 \
-void __Autoarr_##type##_set(Autoarr_##type* ar, u32 index, type element){ \
-    if(index>=Autoarr_length(ar)) throw(ERR_WRONGINDEX); \
-    ar->values[index/ar->max_block_length][index%ar->max_block_length]=element; \
+void __Autoarr_##TYPE##_destruct(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar){ \
+    InternalAllocator_destructIfInternal(LinearAllocator, ar); \
 } \
 \
-void __Autoarr_##type##_freeWithoutMembers(Autoarr_##type* ar, bool freePtr){ \
-    for(u16 i=0; i<ar->blocks_count;i++) \
-        free(ar->values[i]); \
-    free(ar->values); \
-    if(freePtr) free(ar); \
-} \
-\
-void __Autoarr_##type##_freeWithMembers(Autoarr_##type* ar, bool freePtr){ \
-    if(ktDescriptor_##type.freeMembers!=NULL) { \
-        Autoarr_foreach(ar, el,  \
-            void* members_ptr=&el; \
-            if(TYPE_IS_PTR) members_ptr=*(type**)members_ptr; \
-            ktDescriptor_##type.freeMembers(members_ptr); \
-        ); \
-    } \
-    __Autoarr_##type##_freeWithoutMembers(ar, freePtr);\
-} \
-void ____Autoarr_##type##_freeWithMembers(void* ar){ \
-    __Autoarr_##type##_freeWithMembers((Autoarr_##type*)ar, false); \
-} \
-\
-type* __Autoarr_##type##_toArray(Autoarr_##type* ar){ \
+TYPE* __Autoarr_##TYPE##_toArray(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, allocator_ptr array_alloctr){ \
     u32 length=Autoarr_length(ar); \
     if(length==0) \
         return NULL; \
-    type* array=malloc(length * sizeof(type)); \
-    for(u32 i=0; i<length; i++) \
-        array[i]=__Autoarr_##type##_get(ar, i); \
+    TYPE* array=allocator_alloc(array_alloctr, length); \
+    Autoarr_foreach(ar, el, { \
+        array[el_i]=el; \
+    }); \
     return array; \
 } \
 \
-__Autoarr_##type##_functions_list_t __Autoarr_##type##_functions_list={ \
-    &__Autoarr_##type##_add, \
-    &__Autoarr_##type##_get, \
-    &__Autoarr_##type##_getPtr, \
-    &__Autoarr_##type##_set, \
-    &__Autoarr_##type##_freeWithMembers, \
-    &__Autoarr_##type##_freeWithoutMembers, \
-    &__Autoarr_##type##_toArray \
+__Autoarr_##TYPE##_functions_list_t __Autoarr_##TYPE##_functions_list={ \
+    &__Autoarr_##TYPE##_add, \
+    &__Autoarr_##TYPE##_get, \
+    &__Autoarr_##TYPE##_getPtr, \
+    &__Autoarr_##TYPE##_set, \
+    &__Autoarr_##TYPE##_toArray \
 }; \
 \
-Autoarr_##type* __Autoarr_##type##_create(u16 max_blocks_count, u16 max_block_length){ \
-    Autoarr_##type* ar=malloc(sizeof(Autoarr_##type)); \
-    *ar=(Autoarr_##type){ \
-        .max_blocks_count=max_blocks_count, \
-        .blocks_count=0, \
-        .max_block_length=max_block_length, \
-        .block_length=0, \
-        .values=NULL, \
-        .functions=&__Autoarr_##type##_functions_list \
-    }; \
-    return ar; \
-}
+void __Autoarr_##TYPE##_construct(Autoarr_##TYPE* ar, alloc_size_t starting_size, allocator_ptr data_allocator){ \
+    InternalAllocator_setExternalOrConstruct(ar, data_allocator, LinearAllocator, starting_size); \
+    ar->functions=&__Autoarr_##TYPE##_functions_list; \
+    ar->type = &ktDescriptor_name(TYPE); \
+    ar->length=0; \
+} \
+\
+kt_define(Autoarr_##TYPE, (destruct_t)__Autoarr_##TYPE##_destruct, NULL);
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/DtsodParser/DtsodV24.c

@@ -25,6 +25,6 @@ bool DtsodV24_remove(Hashtable* dtsod, char* key){
 }
 
 // frees memory including memory of elements (hashtables, autoarrs, etc.)
-void DtsodV24_free(Hashtable* dtsod){
-    Hashtable_free(dtsod);
+void DtsodV24_destruct(Hashtable* dtsod){
+    Hashtable_destruct(dtsod);
 }

src/DtsodParser/DtsodV24.h

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ bool DtsodV24_contains(Hashtable* dtsod, char* key);
 bool DtsodV24_remove(Hashtable* dtsod, char* key);
 
 // frees memory including memory of elements (hashtables, autoarrs, etc.)
-void DtsodV24_free(Hashtable* dtsod);
+void DtsodV24_destruct(Hashtable* dtsod);
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/DtsodParser/DtsodV24_deserialize.c

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #include "DtsodV24.h"
 #include "../String/StringBuilder.h"
 
-#define ARR_BC 64
-#define ARR_BL 1024
+#define ARR_SZ_START 64
 
 
 typedef struct DeserializeSharedData{
@@ -10,11 +9,13 @@ typedef struct DeserializeSharedData{
     char* sh_text;
     bool sh_partOfDollarList;
     bool sh_calledRecursively;
+    allocator_ptr sh_tmp_al;
 } DeserializeSharedData;
 
 #define text shared->sh_text
 #define partOfDollarList shared->sh_partOfDollarList
 #define calledRecursively shared->sh_calledRecursively
+#define tmp_al shared->sh_tmp_al
 
 
 // special func for throwing error messages about wrong characters in deserializing text
@@ -44,16 +45,10 @@ Maybe ERROR_WRONGCHAR(const char c, char* _text, char* text_first, const char* s
         if(!_c) break;
     }
     char errmsg[1024];
-    IFMSC(
-        sprintf_s(errmsg,1024, "unexpected <%c> at:\n"
+    sprintf_s(errmsg, sizeof(errmsg), "unexpected <%c> at:\n"
                     "  \"%s\"\n"
                     "\\___[%s:%d] %s()",
-                        c,errBuf, srcfile,line,funcname),
-        sprintf(errmsg, "unexpected <%c> at:\n"
-                        "  \"%s\"\n"
-                        " \\___[%s:%d] %s()", 
-                        c,errBuf, srcfile,line,funcname)
-    );
+                    c,errBuf, srcfile,line,funcname);
     safethrow(errmsg,;);
 }
 #define safethrow_wrongchar(C, freeMem) { freeMem; return ERROR_WRONGCHAR(C, text, shared->sh_text_first, __FILE__,__LINE__,__func__); }
@@ -100,7 +95,7 @@ Maybe __ReadName(DeserializeSharedData* shared){
                 safethrow_wrongchar(c,;);
             return SUCCESS(UniHeapPtr(char,NULL));
         case ':':
-            return SUCCESS(UniHeapPtr(char,string_extract(nameStr)));
+            return SUCCESS(UniHeapPtr(char,string_extract(tmp_al, nameStr)));
         case '$':
             if(nameStr.length!=0)
                 safethrow_wrongchar(c,;);
@@ -117,7 +112,7 @@ Maybe __ReadName(DeserializeSharedData* shared){
 }
 #define ReadName() __ReadName(shared)
 
-Maybe __deserialize(char** _text, bool _calledRecursively);
+Maybe __deserialize(char** _text, bool _calledRecursively, allocator_ptr _tmp_al);
 Maybe __ReadValue(DeserializeSharedData* shared, bool* readingList);
 #define ReadValue(rL) __ReadValue(shared, rL)
 
@@ -125,7 +120,9 @@ Maybe __ReadValue(DeserializeSharedData* shared, bool* readingList);
 Maybe __ReadString(DeserializeSharedData* shared){
     char c;
     bool prevIsBackslash=false;
-    StringBuilder* b=StringBuilder_create();
+    StringBuilder _sb;
+    StringBuilder* b=&_sb;
+    StringBuilder_construct(b, tmp_al);
 
     while ((c=*++text)){
         if(c=='"') {
@@ -146,24 +143,25 @@ Maybe __ReadString(DeserializeSharedData* shared){
         }
     }
 
-    safethrow(ERR_ENDOFSTR, StringBuilder_free(b));
+    safethrow(ERR_ENDOFSTR, StringBuilder_destruct(b));
 }
 #define ReadString() __ReadString(shared)
 
 Maybe __ReadList(DeserializeSharedData* shared){
-    Autoarr(Unitype)* list=Autoarr_create(Unitype,ARR_BC,ARR_BL);
+    Autoarr(Unitype) list;
+    Autoarr_construct(&list, Unitype, ARR_SZ_START, NULL);
     bool readingList=true;
     while (true){
-        try(ReadValue((&readingList)), m_val, Autoarr_free(list, true))
-            Autoarr_add(list,m_val.value); 
+        try(ReadValue((&readingList)), m_val, Autoarr_destruct(&list))
+            Autoarr_add(&list, m_val.value);
         if (!readingList){
             if(Unitype_isUniNull(m_val.value))
-                Autoarr_pop(list);
+                Autoarr_pop(&list);
             break;
         }
     }
 
-    return SUCCESS(UniHeapPtr(Autoarr_Unitype,list));
+    return SUCCESS(UniHeapPtr(Autoarr_Unitype, &list));
 };
 #define ReadList() __ReadList(shared)
 
@@ -181,40 +179,34 @@ Maybe __ParseValue(DeserializeSharedData* shared, string str){
             else safethrow_wrongchar(*str.ptr,;);
         // Float64
         case 'f': {
-            char* _c=string_extract(str);
+            char* _c=string_extract(tmp_al, str);
             Unitype rez=UniFloat64(strtod(_c,NULL));
-            free(_c);
+            // allocator_free(tmp_al,_c);
             return SUCCESS(rez);
         }
         // UInt64
         case 'u': {
             u64 lu=0;
-            char* _c=string_extract(str);
+            char* _c=string_extract(tmp_al, str);
             if(sscanf(_c, IFWIN("%llu", "%lu"), &lu)!=1){
                 char err[64];
-                IFMSC(
-                    sprintf_s(err,64,"can't parse to int: <%s>",_c),
-                    sprintf(err,"can't parse to int: <%s>",_c)
-                );
-                safethrow(err,free(_c));
+                sprintf_s(err, sizeof(err), "can't parse to int: <%s>", _c);
+                safethrow(err, /*allocator_free(tmp_al, _c)*/);
             }
-            free(_c);
+            // allocator_free(tmp_al, _c);
             return SUCCESS(UniUInt64(lu));
         }
         // Int64
         case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
         case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': {
             i64 li=0;
-            char* _c=string_extract(str);
+            char* _c=string_extract(tmp_al, str);
             if(sscanf(_c, IFWIN("%lli", "%li"), &li)!=1){
                 char err[64];
-                IFMSC(
-                    sprintf_s(err,64,"can't parse to int: <%s>",_c),
-                    sprintf(err,"can't parse to int: <%s>",_c)
-                );
-                safethrow(err,free(_c));
+                sprintf_s(err, sizeof(err),"can't parse to int: <%s>",_c);
+                // safethrow(err,allocator_free(tmp_al, _c));
             }
-            free(_c);
+            // allocator_free(tmp_al, _c);
             return SUCCESS(UniInt64(li));
         }
         // wrong type
@@ -242,35 +234,35 @@ Maybe __ReadValue(DeserializeSharedData* shared, bool* readingList){
         case '=': case ':':
         case '}': case '$':
         case '\'':
-            safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_free(value));
+            safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_destruct(&value));
         case '#':;
             char _c=c;
             char* _text=text;
             try(SkipComment(),_,;);
             if(valueStr.length!=0){
                 text=_text;
-                safethrow_wrongchar(_c,Unitype_free(value));
+                safethrow_wrongchar(_c,Unitype_destruct(&value));
             }
             valueStr.ptr=text+1; // skips '\n'
             break;
         case '"':
-            if(valueStr.length!=0) safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_free(value));
+            if(valueStr.length!=0) safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_destruct(&value));
             try(ReadString(),maybeString,;)
                 value=maybeString.value;
             break;
         case '{':
-            if(valueStr.length!=0) safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_free(value));
+            if(valueStr.length!=0) safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_destruct(&value));
             ++text; // skips '{'
-            try(__deserialize(&text,true), val,Unitype_free(value))
+            try(__deserialize(&text,true,tmp_al), val, Unitype_destruct(&value))
                 value=val.value;
             break;
         case '[':
-            if(valueStr.length!=0) safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_free(value));
-            try(ReadList(),maybeList,Unitype_free(value))
+            if(valueStr.length!=0) safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_destruct(&value));
+            try(ReadList(),maybeList,Unitype_destruct(&value))
                 value=maybeList.value;
             break;
         case ']':
-            if(!readingList) safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_free(value));
+            if(!readingList) safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_destruct(&value));
             *readingList=false;
             goto return_value;
         case ';':
@@ -278,14 +270,14 @@ Maybe __ReadValue(DeserializeSharedData* shared, bool* readingList){
             return_value:
             if(valueStr.length!=0){
                 if(!Unitype_isUniNull(value))
-                    safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_free(value));
+                    safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_destruct(&value));
                 try(ParseValue(valueStr),maybeParsed,;)
                     value=maybeParsed.value;
             }
             return SUCCESS(value);
         default:
             if(spaceAfterVal)
-                safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_free(value)); 
+                safethrow_wrongchar(c,Unitype_destruct(&value));
             valueStr.length++;
             break;
     }
@@ -294,25 +286,29 @@ Maybe __ReadValue(DeserializeSharedData* shared, bool* readingList){
 }
 
 
-Maybe __deserialize(char** _text, bool _calledRecursively) {
+Maybe __deserialize(char** _text, bool _calledRecursively, allocator_ptr _tmp_al) {
     DeserializeSharedData _shared={
         .sh_text_first=*_text,
         .sh_text=*_text,
         .sh_partOfDollarList=false,
-        .sh_calledRecursively=_calledRecursively
+        .sh_calledRecursively=_calledRecursively,
+        .sh_tmp_al=_tmp_al
     };
     DeserializeSharedData* shared=&_shared;
-    Hashtable* dict=Hashtable_create();
+    Hashtable _dict;
+    Hashtable* dict = &_dict;
+    Hashtable_construct(dict, _tmp_al);
     
     text--;
     while(true){
-        try(ReadName(), maybeName, Hashtable_free(dict))
+        try(ReadName(), maybeName, Hashtable_destruct(dict))
             if(!maybeName.value.VoidPtr) // end of file or '}' in recursive call
                 goto END;
         char* nameCPtr=maybeName.value.VoidPtr;
         try(ReadValue(NULL), val, {
-            Hashtable_free(dict);
-            free(nameCPtr);
+            Hashtable_destruct(dict);
+            // do not use, free call order is incorrect
+            // allocator_free(tmp_al, nameCPtr);
         }) {
             if(partOfDollarList){
                 partOfDollarList=false;
@@ -322,10 +318,12 @@ Maybe __deserialize(char** _text, bool _calledRecursively) {
                     list=(Autoarr(Unitype)*)lu.VoidPtr;
                     // Key is not used in that case, because it is already added
                     // to the table with the first dollar list item.
-                    free(nameCPtr);
+                    // do not use, free call order is incorrect
+                    // allocator_free(tmp_al, nameCPtr);
                 }
                 else{
-                    list=Autoarr_create(Unitype,ARR_BC,ARR_BL);
+                    list=allocator_alloc(tmp_al, sizeof(*list));
+                    Autoarr_construct(list, Unitype, ARR_SZ_START, NULL);
                     Hashtable_add(dict,nameCPtr,UniHeapPtr(Autoarr_Unitype,list));
                 }
                 Autoarr_add(list,val.value);
@@ -340,5 +338,9 @@ Maybe __deserialize(char** _text, bool _calledRecursively) {
 }
 
 Maybe DtsodV24_deserialize(char* _text) {
-    return __deserialize(&_text, false);
+    LinearAllocator _tmp_al;
+    LinearAllocator_construct(&_tmp_al, 1024);
+    Maybe m=__deserialize(&_text, false, (allocator_ptr)&_tmp_al);
+    LinearAllocator_destruct(&_tmp_al);
+    return m;
 }

src/DtsodParser/DtsodV24_exported.c

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-// 
-// I planned to export functions from DtsodV24.h, 
-// but C# P/Invoke can't get returned values for some reason.
-// Following functions return values by pointer, which looks in C# like out parameter
-// 
-
-#if __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-#include "DtsodV24.h"
-
-// parses text to binary values
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_DtsodV24_deserialize(char* text, Hashtable** output, char** errmsg){
-    Maybe r=DtsodV24_deserialize(text);
-    *errmsg=r.errmsg;
-    *output=r.value.VoidPtr;
-}
-
-// creates text representation of dtsod
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_DtsodV24_serialize(Hashtable* dtsod, char** output, char** errmsg){
-    Maybe r=DtsodV24_serialize(dtsod);
-    *errmsg=r.errmsg;
-    *output=r.value.VoidPtr;
-}
-
-// returns value or UniNull if key not found
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_DtsodV24_get(Hashtable* dtsod, char* key, Unitype* output){
-    *output=DtsodV24_get(dtsod, key);
-}
-
-// adds or sets the value
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_DtsodV24_addOrSet(Hashtable* dtsod, char* key, Unitype value){
-    DtsodV24_addOrSet(dtsod, key, value);
-}
-
-// checks for dtsod contains value or dont
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_DtsodV24_contains(Hashtable* dtsod, char* key, bool* output){
-    *output=DtsodV24_contains(dtsod, key);
-}
-
-// replaces value with UniNull if key exists in dtsod
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_DtsodV24_remove(Hashtable* dtsod, char* key, bool* output){
-    *output=DtsodV24_remove(dtsod, key);
-}
-
-// replaces value with UniNull if key exists in dtsod
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_DtsodV24_free(Hashtable* dtsod){
-    DtsodV24_free(dtsod);
-}
-
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_DtsodV24_height(Hashtable* dtsod, u16* heigth){
-    *heigth=Hashtable_height(dtsod);
-}
-
-EXPORT void CALL kerep_DtsodV24_getrow(Hashtable* dtsod, u16 h, Autoarr_KVPair** row){
-    *row=dtsod->rows[h];
-}
-
-#if __cplusplus
-}
-#endif

src/DtsodParser/DtsodV24_serialize.c

@@ -123,8 +123,13 @@ Maybe __serialize(StringBuilder* _b, u8 _tabs, Hashtable* dtsod){
 }
 
 Maybe DtsodV24_serialize(Hashtable* dtsod){
-    StringBuilder* sb=StringBuilder_create();
-    try(__serialize(sb,0,dtsod),__, StringBuilder_free(sb));
+    LinearAllocator _al; allocator_ptr al=(allocator_ptr)&_al;
+    LinearAllocator_construct(&_al, 512);
+    StringBuilder _sb;
+    StringBuilder* sb=&_sb;
+    StringBuilder_construct(sb, al);
+    try(__serialize(sb,0,dtsod),__, StringBuilder_destruct(sb); LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al););
     char* str=StringBuilder_build(sb).ptr;
+    LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al);
     return SUCCESS(UniHeapPtr(char, str));
 }

src/Filesystem/dir.c

@@ -26,9 +26,10 @@ bool dir_exists(const char* path){
 Maybe dir_create(const char* path){
     if (dir_exists(path))
         return MaybeNull;
-    char* parentDir=path_parentDir(path);
+    LinearAllocator _al; LinearAllocator_construct(&_al, 128);
+    allocator_ptr al=&_al.base;
+    char* parentDir=path_parentDir(al, path);
     dir_create(parentDir);
-    free(parentDir);
 #if KFS_USE_WINDOWS_H
     if(!CreateDirectory(path, NULL))
 #else
@@ -36,12 +37,10 @@ Maybe dir_create(const char* path){
 #endif
     {
         char err[512];
-        IFWIN(
-            sprintf_s(err, 512, "can't create dicectory <%s>", path),
-            sprintf(err, "can't create dicectory <%s>", path));
-        safethrow(err,;);
+        sprintf_s(err, sizeof(err), "can't create dicectory <%s>", path);
+        safethrow(err, LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al));
     }
-
+    LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al);
     return MaybeNull;
 }
 

src/Filesystem/file.c

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 #include "../String/StringBuilder.h"
 #include "io_includes.h"
 
-void __file_freeMembers(void* _f){ fclose((FileHandle)_f); }
+void __file_destructMembers(void* _f){ fclose((FileHandle)_f); }
 
-kt_define(FileHandle, __file_freeMembers, NULL)
+kt_define(FileHandle, __file_destructMembers, NULL)
 
 bool file_exists(const char* path){
     if(path[0]=='.'){
@@ -50,8 +50,11 @@ char* FileOpenMode_toStr(FileOpenMode m){
 
 Maybe file_open(const char* path, FileOpenMode mode){
     FileHandle file=fopen(path, FileOpenMode_toStr(mode));
+    LinearAllocator _al; LinearAllocator_construct(&_al, 128);
+    allocator_ptr al=&_al.base;
     if(!file)
-        safethrow(cptr_concat("can't open file ", (char*)path),;);
+        safethrow(cptr_concat(al, "can't open file ", (char*)path), LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al));
+    LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al);
     return SUCCESS(UniHeapPtr(FileHandle,file));
 }
 
@@ -112,13 +115,15 @@ Maybe file_readAll(FileHandle file, char** allBytes){
     i32 rezult=0;
     char buffer[256];
     string bufStr={.ptr=buffer, .length=sizeof(buffer)};
-    StringBuilder* sb=StringBuilder_create();
+    StringBuilder _sb;
+    StringBuilder* sb=&_sb;
+    StringBuilder_construct(sb, NULL);
     u64 i=0;
     while(true){
         rezult=fgetc(file);
         if(rezult==EOF){
             if(ferror(file))
-                safethrow(ERR_IO, StringBuilder_free(sb));
+                safethrow(ERR_IO, StringBuilder_destruct(sb));
             break;
         }
         buffer[i%sizeof(buffer)]=(char)rezult;

src/Filesystem/file.h

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ extern "C" {
 #endif
 
 #include "../base/base.h"
-#include "../Array/Array.h"
 #include "../String/string.h"
 
 typedef FILE* FileHandle;

src/Filesystem/path.c

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #include "filesystem.h"
 
-char* __path_concat(u32 n, ...){
-    char** parts=(char**)malloc(n*sizeof(char*));
-    u32* lengths=malloc(n*sizeof(u32));
+char* __path_concat(allocator_ptr al, u32 n, ...){
+    char** parts=(char**)allocator_alloc(al, n*sizeof(char*));
+    u32* lengths=allocator_alloc(al, n*sizeof(u32));
     u32 totalLength=0;
 
     // reading args from va_list
@@ -18,27 +18,27 @@ char* __path_concat(u32 n, ...){
     va_end(vl);
 
     // allocating memory for output value
-    char* totality=malloc(totalLength+1);
+    char* totality=allocator_alloc(al, totalLength+1);
     const char* output=totality;
     totality[totalLength]=0;
     
     // copying content of all strings to rezult
     u16 k=0;
     for(; k<n-1; k++){
-        memcopy(parts[k], totality, lengths[k]);
+        memcpy(totality, parts[k], lengths[k]);
         totality+=lengths[k];
         *totality=path_sep;
         totality++;
     }
-    memcopy(parts[k], totality, lengths[k]);
+    memcpy(totality, parts[k], lengths[k]);
 
-    free(parts);
-    free(lengths);
+    allocator_free(al, lengths);
+    allocator_free(al, parts);
     return output;
 }
 
-char* path_fixSeparators(const char* path){
-    char* pathCopy=cptr_copy(path);
+char* path_fixSeparators(allocator_ptr al, const char* path){
+    char* pathCopy=cptr_copy(al, path);
     char c;
     while((c=*pathCopy)){
         if(c==path_notSep)
@@ -49,13 +49,17 @@ char* path_fixSeparators(const char* path){
 }
 
 Maybe path_throwIfEscapes(const char* path){
+    LinearAllocator _al; LinearAllocator_construct(&_al, 128);
+    allocator_ptr al=&_al.base;
     if(cptr_contains(path,".."))
-        safethrow(cptr_concat("path <",path,"> uses <..>, that's not allowed"),);
+        safethrow(cptr_concat(al, "path <",path,"> uses <..>, that's not allowed"),
+            LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al));
+    LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al);
     return MaybeNull;
 }
 
-char* path_parentDir(char* dir){
-    char* copy=cptr_copy(dir);
+char* path_parentDir(allocator_ptr al, char* dir){
+    char* copy=cptr_copy(al, dir);
     i32 length=cptr_length(copy);
     i32 i=cptr_lastIndexOfChar(copy,path_sep);
     if(i!=-1 && i==length-1){
@@ -63,8 +67,8 @@ char* path_parentDir(char* dir){
         i=cptr_lastIndexOfChar(copy,path_sep);
     }
     if(i==-1){
-        free(copy);
-        copy=malloc(2);
+        allocator_free(al, copy);
+        copy=allocator_alloc(al, 2);
         copy[0]='.';
         copy[1]=0;
     }
@@ -72,7 +76,7 @@ char* path_parentDir(char* dir){
 }
 
 
-char* path_basename(char* path, bool with_extension){
+char* path_basename(allocator_ptr al, char* path, bool with_extension){
     i32 nameIndex=cptr_lastIndexOfChar(path, path_sep)+1;
     string rezult=string_fromCptr(path+nameIndex);
     if(!with_extension){
@@ -80,5 +84,5 @@ char* path_basename(char* path, bool with_extension){
         if(extIndex!=0 && extIndex!=-1)
             rezult.length=extIndex;
     }
-    return string_extract(rezult);
+    return string_extract(al, rezult);
 }

src/Filesystem/path.h

@@ -14,17 +14,17 @@ static const char path_sep='/';
 static const char path_notSep='\\';
 #endif
 
-char* __path_concat(u32 n, ...);
+char* __path_concat(allocator_ptr al, u32 n, ...);
 /// @brief merges path parts together and puts <path_sep> between them
 /// @return new cstr
-#define path_concat(PATH_PARTS...) __path_concat(count_args(PATH_PARTS), PATH_PARTS)
+#define path_concat(ALLOCATOR, PATH_PARTS...) __path_concat(ALLOCATOR, count_args(PATH_PARTS), PATH_PARTS)
 
 /// @brief fixes path separators
 /// @param cstr where can be <path_notSep>
 /// @return new cstr with correct separators
-char* path_fixSeparators(const char* path);
+char* path_fixSeparators(allocator_ptr al, const char* path);
 
-#define path_resolve(PATH_PARTS...) path_fixSeparators(path_concat(PATH_PARTS))
+#define path_resolve(ALLOCATOR, PATH_PARTS...) path_fixSeparators(ALLOCATOR, path_concat(ALLOCATOR, PATH_PARTS))
 
 /// @brief calls safethrow() if finds escape sequense in path
 /// @param path cstr where can be <..>
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ char* path_fixSeparators(const char* path);
 Maybe path_throwIfEscapes(const char* path);
 
 ///@return  path of parent dir
-char* path_parentDir(char* path);
+char* path_parentDir(allocator_ptr al, char* path);
 
 ///@return file name
-char* path_basename(char* path, bool with_extension);
+char* path_basename(allocator_ptr al, char* path, bool with_extension);
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/Hashtable/Hashtable.c

@@ -1,74 +1,70 @@
 #include "Hashtable.h"
 
-kt_define(Hashtable, __Hashtable_free, NULL);
+kt_define(Hashtable, __Hashtable_destruct, NULL);
 
 // amount of rows
 static const u16 HT_HEIGHTS[]={17,61,257,1021,4099,16381,65521};
 #define HT_HEIN_MIN 0
 #define HT_HEIN_MAX 6
 
-#define ARR_BC 2
-#define ARR_BL 8
+#define ARR_SIZE_MAX 16
 
-Hashtable* Hashtable_create(){
-    Hashtable* ht=malloc(sizeof(Hashtable));
+void Hashtable_construct(Hashtable* ht, allocator_ptr external_al){
+    InternalAllocator_setExternalOrConstruct(ht, external_al, LinearAllocator, 1024);
     ht->hein=HT_HEIN_MIN;
     ht->rows=malloc(HT_HEIGHTS[HT_HEIN_MIN]*sizeof(Autoarr(KVPair)*));
-    for(u16 i=0;i<HT_HEIGHTS[HT_HEIN_MIN];i++)
-        ht->rows[i]=Autoarr_create(KVPair,ARR_BC,ARR_BL);
-    return ht;
+    allocator_ptr internal_al = InternalAllocator_getPtr(ht);
+    for(u16 i=0; i<HT_HEIGHTS[HT_HEIN_MIN]; i++)
+        Autoarr_construct(&ht->rows[i], KVPair, 16, internal_al);
 }
 
-void __Hashtable_free(void* _ht){
+u16 __Hashtable_height(Hashtable* ht) { return HT_HEIGHTS[ht->hein]; }
+
+void __Hashtable_destruct(void* _ht){
     Hashtable* ht=_ht;
     for(u16 i=0;i<HT_HEIGHTS[ht->hein];i++)
-        Autoarr_free(ht->rows[i], true);
-    free(ht->rows);
+        Autoarr_destruct(&ht->rows[i]);
+    allocator_free(InternalAllocator_getPtr(ht), ht->rows);
+    InternalAllocator_destructIfInternal(LinearAllocator, ht);
 }
-void Hashtable_free(Hashtable* ht){
-    __Hashtable_free(ht);
-    free(ht);
+void Hashtable_destruct(Hashtable* ht){
+    __Hashtable_destruct(ht);
 }
 
-u16 Hashtable_height(Hashtable* ht) { return HT_HEIGHTS[ht->hein]; }
-
-
 void Hashtable_expand(Hashtable* ht){
     if(ht->hein>=HT_HEIN_MAX) throw(ERR_MAXLENGTH);
 
-    Autoarr(KVPair)** newrows=malloc(HT_HEIGHTS[++ht->hein]*sizeof(Autoarr(KVPair)*));
+    Autoarr(KVPair)* newrows=malloc(HT_HEIGHTS[++ht->hein]*sizeof(Autoarr(KVPair)*));
     for(u16 i=0;i<HT_HEIGHTS[ht->hein];i++)
-        newrows[i]=Autoarr_create(KVPair,ARR_BC,ARR_BL);
+        Autoarr_construct(&newrows[i], KVPair, ARR_SIZE_MAX, InternalAllocator_getPtr(ht));
 
     for(u16 i=0;i<HT_HEIGHTS[ht->hein-1];i++){
-        Autoarr(KVPair)* ar=ht->rows[i];
+        Autoarr(KVPair)* ar=&ht->rows[i];
         u32 arlen=Autoarr_length(ar);
         for(u32 k=0;k<arlen;k++){
             KVPair p=Autoarr_get(ar,k);
             u16 newrown=hashs(hash_sdbm32, p.key)%HT_HEIGHTS[ht->hein];
-            Autoarr(KVPair)* newar=newrows[newrown];
+            Autoarr(KVPair)* newar=&newrows[newrown];
             Autoarr_add(newar,p);
         }
-        // there is no need to free array values, because they are copied into new array
-        // so dont replace this incorrect auto-generated function
-        Autoarr_freeWithoutMembers(ar, true);
+        Autoarr_destruct(ar);
     }
 
     free(ht->rows);
-    ht->rows=newrows;
+    ht->rows = newrows;
 }
 
 Autoarr(KVPair)* getrow(Hashtable* ht, char* key, bool can_expand){
     u32 hash=hashs(hash_sdbm32, key);
-    Autoarr(KVPair)* ar=ht->rows[hash%HT_HEIGHTS[ht->hein]];
-    if(can_expand && Autoarr_length(ar)==Autoarr_max_length(ar))
+    Autoarr(KVPair)* ar=&ht->rows[hash%HT_HEIGHTS[ht->hein]];
+    if(can_expand && Autoarr_length(ar) == ARR_SIZE_MAX)
         Hashtable_expand(ht);
-    ar=ht->rows[hash%HT_HEIGHTS[ht->hein]];
+    ar=&ht->rows[hash%HT_HEIGHTS[ht->hein]];
     return ar;
 }
 
 /// @param key must be heap allocated
-/// Hashtable_free will free this pointer
+/// Hashtable_destruct will free this pointer
 void Hashtable_add(Hashtable* ht, char* key, Unitype u){
     KVPair p={ .key=key, .value=u };
     Autoarr_add(getrow(ht,key,true),p);
@@ -86,7 +82,8 @@ Unitype* Hashtable_getPtr(Hashtable* ht, char* key){
     u32 arlen=Autoarr_length(ar);
     for(u32 i=0;i<arlen;i++){
         KVPair* p=Autoarr_getPtr(ar,i);
-        if(cptr_equals(key,p->key)) return &p->value;
+        if(cptr_equals(key,p->key))
+            return &p->value;
     }
     return NULL;
 }
@@ -96,7 +93,8 @@ Unitype Hashtable_get(Hashtable* ht, char* key){
     u32 arlen=Autoarr_length(ar);
     for(u32 i=0;i<arlen;i++){
         KVPair p=Autoarr_get(ar,i);
-        if(cptr_equals(key,p.key)) return p.value;
+        if(cptr_equals(key,p.key))
+            return p.value;
     }
     return UniNull;
 }

src/Hashtable/Hashtable.h

@@ -9,16 +9,14 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "KeyValuePair.h"
 
 STRUCT(Hashtable,
+    InternalAllocator_declare(LinearAllocator);
     u8 hein;  // height=HT_HEIGHTS[hein]
-    Autoarr(KVPair)** rows; // Autoarr[height]
+    Autoarr(KVPair)* rows; // Autoarr[height]
 )
 
-Hashtable* Hashtable_create();
-void Hashtable_free(Hashtable* ht);
-void __Hashtable_free(void* ht);
-
-// amount of rows
-u16 Hashtable_height(Hashtable* ht);
+void Hashtable_construct(Hashtable* ht, allocator_ptr external_al);
+void Hashtable_destruct(Hashtable* ht);
+void __Hashtable_destruct(void* ht);
 
 // don't add pairs with the same keys,
 // or something weird will happen
@@ -36,11 +34,13 @@ Unitype* Hashtable_getPtr(Hashtable* ht, char* key);
 Unitype Hashtable_get(Hashtable* ht, char* key);
 bool Hashtable_tryGet(Hashtable* ht, char* key, Unitype* output);
 
+u16 __Hashtable_height(Hashtable* ht);
+
 #define Hashtable_foreach(HT, EL, codeblock...) { \
-    u16 hmax=Hashtable_height(HT); \
+    u16 hmax=__Hashtable_height(HT); \
     for(u16 h=0; h<hmax; h++){ \
-        Autoarr(KVPair)* AR=HT->rows[h]; \
-        Autoarr_foreach(AR, EL, codeblock); \
+        Autoarr(KVPair)* row=&HT->rows[h]; \
+        Autoarr_foreach(row, EL, codeblock); \
     } \
 }
 

src/Hashtable/KeyValuePair.c

@@ -1,15 +1,8 @@
 #include "KeyValuePair.h"
 
-kt_define(KVPair, __KVPair_free, NULL);
+kt_define(KVPair, NULL, NULL);
 
-Autoarr_define(KVPair, false)
-
-// proper way to clean a KVP
-void KVPair_free(KVPair p){
-    free(p.key);
-    Unitype_free(p.value);
-}
-void __KVPair_free(void* p){ KVPair_free(*(KVPair*)p); }
+Autoarr_define(KVPair)
 
 void printkvp(KVPair p){
     kprintf("{\"%s\", ",p.key);

src/Hashtable/KeyValuePair.h

@@ -14,9 +14,7 @@ STRUCT(KVPair,
 
 Autoarr_declare(KVPair)
 
-// proper way to clean a KVP
-void KVPair_free(KVPair p);
-void __KVPair_free(void* p);
+void __KVPair_destruct(void* p);
 
 void printkvp(KVPair p);
 

src/LinkedList/LinkedList.h

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define LLNode_create(TYPE, VALUE) LLNode_##TYPE##_create(VALUE)
 
 #define LinkedList_create(TYPE) LinkedList_##TYPE##_create()
-#define LinkedList_free(LLIST)  ({ LLIST->_functions->freeMembers(LLIST); free(LLIST); })
+#define LinkedList_destruct(LLIST)  ({ LLIST->_functions->destruct(LLIST); free(LLIST); })
 
 
 void LinkedList_addToBeginning(void* _llist, void* _new_node);

src/LinkedList/LinkedList_declare.h

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ STRUCT(LLNode(TYPE), \
 ) \
 \
 LLNode(TYPE)* LLNode_##TYPE##_create(TYPE value); \
-void LLNode_##TYPE##_free(LLNode(TYPE)* node, bool free_value);
+void LLNode_##TYPE##_destruct(LLNode(TYPE)* node, bool free_value);
 
 
 #define LinkedList_declare(TYPE)\
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ STRUCT(LinkedList(TYPE), \
 ) \
 \
 typedef struct LinkedList_##TYPE##_functions_t { \
-    freeMembers_t freeMembers; \
+    destruct_t destruct; \
     void (*removePrev)(LinkedList(TYPE)* llist, LLNode(TYPE)* nextNode, bool freeRemoved); \
     void (*removeNext)(LinkedList(TYPE)* llist, LLNode(TYPE)* prevNode, bool freeRemoved); \
 } LinkedList_##TYPE##_functions_t; \

src/LinkedList/LinkedList_define.h

@@ -14,19 +14,19 @@ LLNode(TYPE)* LLNode_##TYPE##_create(TYPE value){ \
     return node; \
 } \
 \
-void LLNode_##TYPE##_freeMembers(void* _node){ \
+void LLNode_##TYPE##_destructMembers(void* _node){ \
     LLNode(TYPE)* node=(LLNode(TYPE)*)_node; \
     void* value_ptr=&node->value; \
     if(TYPE_IS_PTR) value_ptr=*(TYPE**)value_ptr; \
-    ktDescriptor_##TYPE.freeMembers(value_ptr); \
+    ktDescriptor_##TYPE.destruct(value_ptr); \
 } \
 \
-void LLNode_##TYPE##_free(LLNode(TYPE)* node, bool free_value){ \
-    if(free_value) LLNode_##TYPE##_freeMembers(node); \
+void LLNode_##TYPE##_destruct(LLNode(TYPE)* node, bool free_value){ \
+    if(free_value) LLNode_##TYPE##_destructMembers(node); \
     free(node); \
 } \
 \
-kt_define(LLNode_##TYPE, LLNode_##TYPE##_freeMembers, NULL)
+kt_define(LLNode_##TYPE, LLNode_##TYPE##_destructMembers, NULL)
 
 
 #define LinkedList_define(TYPE, VALUE_IS_PTR)\
@@ -41,10 +41,10 @@ LinkedList(TYPE)* LinkedList_##TYPE##_create(){ \
     return l; \
 } \
 \
-void LinkedList_##TYPE##_freeMembers(void* _l){ \
+void LinkedList_##TYPE##_destructMembers(void* _l){ \
     LinkedList(TYPE)* l=(LinkedList(TYPE)*)_l; \
     if(l->first_node!=NULL) \
-        LinkedList_foreach(l, node, LLNode_##TYPE##_free(node, true)); \
+        LinkedList_foreach(l, node, LLNode_##TYPE##_destruct(node, true)); \
     l->first_node=NULL; l->last_node=NULL; l->count=0; \
 } \
 \
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ void LinkedList_##TYPE##_removePrev(LinkedList(TYPE)* llist, LLNode(TYPE)* nextN
     nextNode->prev=prevNode; \
     prevNode->next=nextNode; \
     if(freeRemoved) \
-        LLNode_##TYPE##_free(removedNode, true); \
+        LLNode_##TYPE##_destruct(removedNode, true); \
 } \
 \
 void LinkedList_##TYPE##_removeNext(LinkedList(TYPE)* llist, LLNode(TYPE)* prevNode, bool freeRemoved){ \
@@ -65,16 +65,16 @@ void LinkedList_##TYPE##_removeNext(LinkedList(TYPE)* llist, LLNode(TYPE)* prevN
     prevNode->next=nextNode; \
     nextNode->prev=prevNode; \
     if(freeRemoved) \
-        LLNode_##TYPE##_free(removedNode, true); \
+        LLNode_##TYPE##_destruct(removedNode, true); \
 } \
 \
 LinkedList_##TYPE##_functions_t _LinkedList_##TYPE##_functions={ \
-    .freeMembers=LinkedList_##TYPE##_freeMembers, \
+    .destruct=LinkedList_##TYPE##_destructMembers, \
     .removePrev=LinkedList_##TYPE##_removePrev, \
     .removeNext=LinkedList_##TYPE##_removeNext \
 }; \
 \
-kt_define(LinkedList_##TYPE, LinkedList_##TYPE##_freeMembers, NULL)
+kt_define(LinkedList_##TYPE, LinkedList_##TYPE##_destructMembers, NULL)
 
 
 #if __cplusplus

src/SearchTree/SearchTree.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include "SearchTree.h"
 
-kt_define(STNode, __STNode_free, NULL);
+kt_define(STNode, __STNode_destruct, NULL);
 
 STNode* STNode_create(){
     STNode* node=malloc(sizeof(STNode));
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ STNode* STNode_create(){
     return node;
 }
 
-void __STNode_free(void* _node){
+void __STNode_destruct(void* _node){
     STNode* node=_node;
     if (!node) throw(ERR_NULLPTR);
     if(node->branches){
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ void __STNode_free(void* _node){
                         for(u8 rem=0;rem<4;rem++){
                             STNode* ptrrem=ptrn4[rem];
                             if(ptrrem)
-                                STNode_free(ptrrem);
+                                STNode_destruct(ptrrem);
                         }
                         free(ptrn4);
                     }
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ void __STNode_free(void* _node){
         free(node->branches);
     }
     if(node->value.VoidPtr)
-        Unitype_free(node->value);
+        Unitype_destruct(&node->value);
 }
-void STNode_free(STNode* node){
-    __STNode_free(node);
+void STNode_destruct(STNode* node){
+    __STNode_destruct(node);
     free(node);
 }
 

src/SearchTree/SearchTree.h

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ STRUCT(STNode,
 )
 
 STNode* STNode_create();
-void STNode_free(STNode* node);
-void __STNode_free(void* node);
+void STNode_destruct(STNode* node);
+void __STNode_destruct(void* node);
 
 void ST_push(STNode* node, char* key, Unitype value);
 void ST_pushString(STNode* node, string key, Unitype value);

src/String/StringBuilder.c

@@ -1,147 +1,90 @@
 #include "StringBuilder.h"
 
-kt_define(StringBuilder, __StringBuilder_free, NULL);
+kt_define(StringBuilder, (destruct_t)StringBuilder_destruct, NULL);
 
 #define BL_C 32
 #define BL_L 1024
 
+#define createBuffer() (MemoryChunk){.data = allocator_alloc(InternalAllocator_getPtr(b), 512), .size=512, .occupied_size=0}
+
 
 void complete_buf(StringBuilder* b){
-    if(!b->compl_bufs) 
-        b->compl_bufs=Autoarr_create(string,BL_C,BL_L);
-    u32 len=Autoarr_length(b->curr_buf);
-    if(!len) return;
-    string str={.length=len, .ptr=malloc(len)};
-    u32 i=0;
-    Autoarr_foreach(b->curr_buf, c, 
-        str.ptr[i++]=c;
-    );
-    Autoarr_add(b->compl_bufs,str);
-    Autoarr_free(b->curr_buf, true);
-    b->curr_buf=Autoarr_create(i8,BL_C,BL_L);
-}
-
-void try_complete_buf(StringBuilder* b){
-    if(b->curr_buf->blocks_count==BL_C)
-        complete_buf(b);
+    if(b->curr_buf.occupied_size == 0)
+        return;
+    string str={ .length=b->curr_buf.occupied_size, .ptr= b->curr_buf.data };
+    Autoarr_add(&b->compl_bufs,str);
+    b->curr_buf = createBuffer();
 }
 
 
-StringBuilder* StringBuilder_create(){
-    StringBuilder* b=malloc(sizeof(StringBuilder));
-    b->compl_bufs=NULL;
-    b->curr_buf=Autoarr_create(i8,BL_C,BL_L);
-    return b;
+void StringBuilder_construct(StringBuilder* b, allocator_ptr external_al){
+    InternalAllocator_setExternalOrConstruct(b, external_al, LinearAllocator, 1024);
+    Autoarr_construct(&b->compl_bufs, string, 0, InternalAllocator_getPtr(b));
+    b->curr_buf = createBuffer();
+    b->total_length = 0;
 }
 
-void __StringBuilder_free(void* _b){
-    StringBuilder* b=_b;
-    if(b->compl_bufs) Autoarr_free(b->compl_bufs, true);
-    Autoarr_free(b->curr_buf, true);
-}
-void StringBuilder_free(StringBuilder* b){
-    __StringBuilder_free(b);
-    free(b);
+void StringBuilder_destruct(StringBuilder* b){
+    Autoarr_destruct(&b->compl_bufs);
+    allocator_free(InternalAllocator_getPtr(b), b->curr_buf.data);
+    InternalAllocator_destructIfInternal(LinearAllocator, b);
 }
 
 string StringBuilder_build(StringBuilder* b){
     complete_buf(b);
-    u32 len=0;
-    Autoarr_foreach(b->compl_bufs, cs, 
-        len+=cs.length;
+    string str= { 
+        .length = b->total_length,
+        .ptr = allocator_alloc(InternalAllocator_getPtr(b), b->total_length+1)
+    };
+    str.ptr[b->total_length]='\0';
+    char* free_space_ptr = str.ptr;
+    Autoarr_foreach(&b->compl_bufs, buf,
+        memcpy(free_space_ptr, buf.ptr, buf.length);
+        free_space_ptr += buf.length;
     );
-    string str= { .length=len, .ptr=malloc(len+1) };
-    str.ptr[len]='\0';
-    u32 i=0;
-    Autoarr_foreach(b->compl_bufs, cs, 
-        for(u32 n=0;n<cs.length;n++)
-            str.ptr[i++]=cs.ptr[n];
-        free(cs.ptr);
-    );
-    StringBuilder_free(b);
+    StringBuilder_destruct(b);
     return str;
 }
 
-
 void StringBuilder_rmchar(StringBuilder* b){
-    if(b->curr_buf->block_length!=0)
-        Autoarr_pop(b->curr_buf)
+    if(b->curr_buf.occupied_size != 0)
+        b->curr_buf.occupied_size--;
     else {
-        if(!b->compl_bufs) throw(ERR_NULLPTR);
-        string* lastcb=Autoarr_getPtr(b->compl_bufs, (Autoarr_length(b->compl_bufs)-1));
+        for(u32 buf_i = Autoarr_length(&b->compl_bufs) - 1; buf_i != (u32)-1; buf_i--){
+            string* lastcb = Autoarr_getPtr(&b->compl_bufs, buf_i);
+            if(lastcb->length != 0){
                 lastcb->length--;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
 
 void StringBuilder_append_char(StringBuilder* b, char c){
-    try_complete_buf(b);
-    Autoarr_add(b->curr_buf,c);
+    if(b->curr_buf.occupied_size==b->curr_buf.size)
+        complete_buf(b);
+    ((char*)b->curr_buf.data)[b->curr_buf.occupied_size] = c;
 }
 
-
 void StringBuilder_append_string(StringBuilder* b, string s){
     complete_buf(b);
-    Autoarr_add(b->compl_bufs, string_copy(s));
+    Autoarr_add(&b->compl_bufs, s);
 }
 
 void StringBuilder_append_cptr(StringBuilder* b, char* s){
-    string str={
-        .ptr=s, 
-        .length=cptr_length(s)
-    };
-    StringBuilder_append_string(b,str);
-}
-
-void curr_buf_add_string(StringBuilder* b, string s){
-    for(u32 i=0; i<s.length; i++)
-        Autoarr_add(b->curr_buf,s.ptr[i]);
+    string str={ .ptr=s, .length=cptr_length(s) };
+    StringBuilder_append_string(b, str);
 }
 
 void StringBuilder_append_i64(StringBuilder* b, i64 a){
-    try_complete_buf(b);
-    u8 i=0;
-    if(a==0){
-        Autoarr_add(b->curr_buf,'0');
-        return;
-    }
-    else if(a<0){
-        Autoarr_add(b->curr_buf,'-');
-        a=-a;
-    }
-    char buf[24];
-    while(a!=0){
-        buf[i++]='0'+a%10;
-        a/=10;
-    }
-    string rev=string_reverse((string){buf,i});
-    curr_buf_add_string(b,rev);
-    free(rev.ptr);
+    StringBuilder_append_cptr(b, toString_i64(InternalAllocator_getPtr(b), a));
 }
 
 void StringBuilder_append_u64(StringBuilder* b, u64 a){
-    try_complete_buf(b);
-    u8 i=0;
-    if(a==0){
-        Autoarr_add(b->curr_buf,'0');
-        return;
-    }
-    char buf[24];
-    while(a!=0){
-        buf[i++]='0'+a%10;
-        a/=10;
-    }
-    string rev=string_reverse((string){buf,i});
-    curr_buf_add_string(b,rev);
-    free(rev.ptr);
+    StringBuilder_append_cptr(b, toString_u64(InternalAllocator_getPtr(b), a, 0, 0));
 }
 
 void StringBuilder_append_f64(StringBuilder* b, f64 a){
-    try_complete_buf(b);
-    char buf[32];
-    IFMSC(
-        sprintf_s(buf,32,"%lf",a),
-        sprintf(buf,"%lf",a)
-    );
-    curr_buf_add_string(b, (string){.ptr=buf, .length=cptr_length(buf)});
+    StringBuilder_append_cptr(b, toString_f64(InternalAllocator_getPtr(b), a, toString_f64_max_precision, 0, 0));
 }

src/String/StringBuilder.h

@@ -8,20 +8,25 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "string.h"
 
 STRUCT(StringBuilder,
-	Autoarr(string)* compl_bufs;
-	Autoarr(i8)* curr_buf;
+    InternalAllocator_declare(LinearAllocator);
+	Autoarr(string) compl_bufs;
+	MemoryChunk curr_buf;
+    u64 total_length;
 )
 
-StringBuilder* StringBuilder_create(void);
-void StringBuilder_free(StringBuilder* b);
-void __StringBuilder_free(void* b);
+///@param external_al if null, creates internal allocator 
+void StringBuilder_construct(StringBuilder* b, allocator_ptr external_al);
+void StringBuilder_destruct(StringBuilder* b);
+
 // Joins all strings from compl_bufs.
 // Returns zero-terminated string.
-// No need to call string_extract()!
-// Frees StringBuilder.
+// No need to call string_extract!
+// Destructs StringBuilder.
 string StringBuilder_build(StringBuilder* b);
-// removes last char
+
+/// OBSOLETE! Will be removed later 
 void StringBuilder_rmchar(StringBuilder* b);
+
 void StringBuilder_append_char(StringBuilder* b, char c);
 void StringBuilder_append_cptr(StringBuilder* b, char* s);
 void StringBuilder_append_string(StringBuilder* b, string s);

src/String/string.c

@@ -1,36 +1,35 @@
 #include "string.h"
 
 kt_define(string, NULL, NULL);
-Array_define(string)
-Autoarr_define(string, false)
+Autoarr_define(string);
 
 // copies str content to new char pointer value (adding '\0' at the end)
-char* string_extract(string str){
+char* string_extract(allocator_ptr al, string str){
     if(str.length==0) return NULL;
-    char* cptr=malloc(str.length*sizeof(char)+1);
+    char* cptr=allocator_alloc(al, str.length+1);
+    memcpy(cptr, str.ptr, str.length);
     cptr[str.length]=0;
-    while(str.length-->0)
-        cptr[str.length]=str.ptr[str.length];
     return cptr;
 }
     
 // copies src.ptr content to new string and adds \0 at the end
-string string_copy(string src){
+string string_copy(allocator_ptr al, string src){
     if(!src.ptr)
-        return src;
+        throw(ERR_NULLPTR);
     string nstr;
     nstr.length=src.length;
-    nstr.ptr=malloc(nstr.length+1);
-    for(u32 i=0;i<nstr.length;i++)
-        nstr.ptr[i]=src.ptr[i];
+    nstr.ptr=allocator_alloc(al, nstr.length+1);
+    memcpy(nstr.ptr, src.ptr, nstr.length);
     nstr.ptr[nstr.length]='\0';
     return nstr;
 }
 
 // compares two strings, NullPtr-friendly
 bool string_compare(string str0, string str1){
-    if(str0.length!=str1.length) return false;
-    if(!str0.ptr) return str1.ptr ? false : true;
+    if(str0.length!=str1.length)
+        return false;
+    if(!str0.ptr)
+        return str1.ptr ? false : true;
     else if(!str1.ptr) return false;
     while(str0.length-->0)
         if(*str0.ptr++ != *str1.ptr++)
@@ -39,9 +38,12 @@ bool string_compare(string str0, string str1){
 }
 
 // creates new string which is reversed variant of <s>
-string string_reverse(string s){
-    if(s.length==0) return s;
-    string r={malloc(s.length), s.length};
+string string_reverse(allocator_ptr al, string s){
+    if(s.length==0) 
+        return s;
+    string r;
+    r.ptr=allocator_alloc(al, s.length);
+    r.length=s.length;
     for(u32 i=0; i<s.length; i++)
         r.ptr[i]=s.ptr[s.length-i-1];
     return r;

src/String/string.h

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ extern "C" {
 #endif
 
 #include "../base/base.h"
-#include "../Array/Array.h"
 #include "../Autoarr/Autoarr.h"
 
 // my fixed length string struct
@@ -15,7 +14,6 @@ STRUCT(string,
     u64 length;  // amount of chars in ptr value
 )
 
-Array_declare(string)
 Autoarr_declare(string)
 
 static const string stringNull={NULL,0};
@@ -24,16 +22,16 @@ static const string stringNull={NULL,0};
 #define string_fromCptr(CPTR) (string){ .ptr=CPTR, .length=cptr_length(CPTR) }
 
 // copies str content to new char pointer value (adding '\0' at the end)
-char* string_extract(string str);
+char* string_extract(allocator_ptr al, string str);
 
 // copies src.ptr content to new string and adds \0 at the end
-string string_copy(string src);
+string string_copy(allocator_ptr al, string src);
 
 // compares two strings, NullPtr-friendly
 bool string_compare(string str0, string str1);
 
 // creates new string which is reversed variant of <s>
-string string_reverse(string s);
+string string_reverse(allocator_ptr al, string s);
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/base/base.h

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "type_system/type_system.h"
 #include "../kprint/kprintf.h"
 #include "endian.h"
+#include "memory/memory.h"
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/base/cptr.c

@@ -11,17 +11,16 @@ u32 cptr_length(const char* str){
 }
 
 // allocates new char[] and copies src there
-char* cptr_copy(const char* src){
+char* cptr_copy(allocator_ptr al, const char* src){
     u32 len=cptr_length(src)+1;
-    char* dst=malloc(len);
-    while(len--!=0)
-        dst[len]=src[len];
+    char* dst=allocator_alloc(al, len);
+    memcpy(dst, src, len);
     return dst;
 }
 
 // multiplies char n times
-char* char_multiply(char c, u32 n){
-    char* rez=malloc(n+1);
+char* char_multiply(allocator_ptr al, char c, u32 n){
+    char* rez=allocator_alloc(al, n+1);
     rez[n]=0;
     while(n--!=0)
         rez[n]=c;
@@ -131,16 +130,9 @@ i32 cptr_seekCharReverse(const char* src, char fragment, u32 startIndex, u32 see
     return -1;
 }
 
-void memcopy(void* from, void* to, u32 size){
-    if(from==NULL || to==NULL)
-        throw(ERR_NULLPTR);
-    for(u32 i=0; i<size; i++)
-        ((char*)to)[i]=((char*)from)[i];
-}
-
-char* __cptr_concat(u32 n, ...){
-    char** strs=(char**)malloc(n*sizeof(char*));
-    u32* lengths=malloc(n*sizeof(u32));
+char* __cptr_concat(allocator_ptr al, u32 n, ...){
+    char** strs=(char**)allocator_alloc(al, n*sizeof(char*));
+    u32* lengths=allocator_alloc(al, n*sizeof(u32));
     u32 totalLength=0;
 
     // reading args from va_list
@@ -156,41 +148,41 @@ char* __cptr_concat(u32 n, ...){
     va_end(vl);
 
     // allocating memory for output value
-    char* totality=malloc(totalLength+1);
+    char* totality=allocator_alloc(al, totalLength+1);
     char* output=totality;
     totality[totalLength]=0;
     
     // copying content of all strings to rezult
     for(u16 k=0; k<n; k++){
-        memcopy(strs[k], totality, lengths[k]);
+        memcpy(totality, strs[k], lengths[k]);
         totality+=lengths[k];
     }
     
-    free(strs);
-    free(lengths);
+    allocator_free(al, lengths);
+    allocator_free(al, strs);
     return output;
 }
 
-char* cptr_toLower(const char* src) {
+char* cptr_toLower(allocator_ptr al, const char* src) {
     u32 length=cptr_length(src);
-    char *p=malloc(length+1);
+    char *p=allocator_alloc(al, length+1);
     p[length]=0;
     for(u32 i=0; i<length; i++)
         p[i]=tolower(src[i]);
     return p;
 }
 
-char* cptr_toUpper(const char* src) {
+char* cptr_toUpper(allocator_ptr al, const char* src) {
     u32 length=cptr_length(src);
-    char *p=malloc(length+1);
+    char *p=allocator_alloc(al, length+1);
     p[length]=0;
     for(u32 i=0; i<length; i++)
         p[i]=toupper(src[i]);
     return p;
 }
 
-char* cptr_replaceCharIn(const char* src, char c_old, char c_new, u32 startIndex, u32 seekLength){
-    char* rzlt=cptr_copy(src);
+char* cptr_replaceCharIn(allocator_ptr al, const char* src, char c_old, char c_new, u32 startIndex, u32 seekLength){
+    char* rzlt=cptr_copy(al, src);
     for(u32 i=startIndex; i!=seekLength && src[i]!=0; i++){
         if(src[i]==c_old)
             rzlt[i]=c_new;
@@ -198,8 +190,10 @@ char* cptr_replaceCharIn(const char* src, char c_old, char c_new, u32 startIndex
     return rzlt;
 }
 
-char* cptr_replaceIn(const char* src, const char* str_old, const char* str_new, u32 startIndex, u32 seekLength){
-    StringBuilder* sb=StringBuilder_create();
+char* cptr_replaceIn(allocator_ptr al, const char* src, const char* str_old, const char* str_new, u32 startIndex, u32 seekLength){
+    StringBuilder _sb;
+    StringBuilder* sb=&_sb;
+    StringBuilder_construct(sb, al);
     const u32 str_old_len=cptr_length(str_old);
     const u32 str_new_len=cptr_length(str_new);
     i32 i=startIndex;

src/base/cptr.h

@@ -5,12 +5,13 @@ extern "C" {
 #endif
 
 #include "std.h"
+#include "memory/allocator_base.h"
 
 // returns length of char buffer (without \0)
 u32 cptr_length(const char* str);
 
 // allocates new char[] and copies src there
-char* cptr_copy(const char* src);
+char* cptr_copy(allocator_ptr al, const char* src);
 
 bool cptr_equals(const char* key0, const char* key1);
 
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ bool cptr_startsWith(const char* src, const char* fragment);
 bool cptr_endsWith(const char* src, const char* fragment);
 
 // multiplies char n times
-char* char_multiply(char c, u32 n);
+char* char_multiply(allocator_ptr al, char c, u32 n);
 
 /// @param startIndex 0 ... src length
 /// @param seekLength 0 ... -1
@@ -66,28 +67,26 @@ static inline bool cptr_contains(const char* src, const char* fragment){
     return cptr_seek(src, fragment, 0, -1) +1;
 }
 
-void memcopy(void* from, void* to, u32 size);
+char* __cptr_concat(allocator_ptr al, u32 n, ...);
+#define cptr_concat(ALLOCATOR, STR...) __cptr_concat(ALLOCATOR, count_args(STR), STR)
 
-char* __cptr_concat(u32 n, ...);
-#define cptr_concat(STR...) __cptr_concat(count_args(STR), STR)
-
-char* cptr_toLower(const char* src);
-char* cptr_toUpper(const char* src);
+char* cptr_toLower(allocator_ptr al, const char* src);
+char* cptr_toUpper(allocator_ptr al, const char* src);
 
 /// @param startIndex 0 ... src length
 /// @param seekLength 0 ... -1
 /// @return <src> with <str_old> replaced by <str_new> or empty cstring if <str_old> not found
-char* cptr_replaceIn(const char* src, const char* str_old, const char* str_new, u32 startIndex, u32 seekLength);
+char* cptr_replaceIn(allocator_ptr al, const char* src, const char* str_old, const char* str_new, u32 startIndex, u32 seekLength);
 /// @param startIndex 0 ... src length
 /// @param seekLength 0 ... -1
 /// @return <src> with <c_old> replaced by <c_new> or empty cstring if <str_old> not found
-char* cptr_replaceCharIn(const char* src, char c_old, char c_new, u32 startIndex, u32 seekLength);
+char* cptr_replaceCharIn(allocator_ptr al, const char* src, char c_old, char c_new, u32 startIndex, u32 seekLength);
 
-static inline char* cptr_replace(const char* src, const char* str_old, const char* str_new)
-{ return cptr_replaceIn(src, str_old, str_new, 0, -1); }
+static inline char* cptr_replace(allocator_ptr al, const char* src, const char* str_old, const char* str_new)
+{ return cptr_replaceIn(al, src, str_old, str_new, 0, -1); }
 
-static inline char* cptr_replaceChar(const char* src, char c_old, char c_new)
-{ return cptr_replaceCharIn(src, c_old, c_new, 0, -1); }
+static inline char* cptr_replaceChar(allocator_ptr al, const char* src, char c_old, char c_new)
+{ return cptr_replaceCharIn(al, src, c_old, c_new, 0, -1); }
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/base/errors.c

@@ -26,27 +26,21 @@ char* errname(ErrorId err){
 char* __genErrMsg(const char* errmsg, const char* srcfile, i32 line, const char* funcname){
     size_t bufsize=ERRMSG_MAXLENGTH;
     char* rezult=malloc(bufsize);
-    IFMSC(
-        sprintf_s(rezult,bufsize,"[%s:%d] %s() throwed error: %s",srcfile,line,funcname,errmsg),
-        sprintf(rezult,"[%s:%d] %s() throwed error: %s",srcfile,line,funcname,errmsg)
-    );
+    sprintf_s(rezult,bufsize,"[%s:%d] %s() throwed error: %s",srcfile,line,funcname,errmsg);
     return rezult;
 }
 
 char* __extendErrMsg(const char* errmsg, const char* srcfile, i32 line, const char* funcname){
     size_t bufsize=cptr_length(errmsg)+ERRMSG_MAXLENGTH;
     char* rezult=malloc(bufsize);
-    IFMSC(
-        sprintf_s(rezult,bufsize,"%s\n \\___[%s:%d] %s()",errmsg,srcfile,line,funcname),
-        sprintf(rezult,"%s\n \\___[%s:%d] %s()",errmsg,srcfile,line,funcname)
-    );
+    sprintf_s(rezult,bufsize,"%s\n \\___[%s:%d] %s()",errmsg,srcfile,line,funcname);
     free(errmsg);
     return rezult;
 }
 
-void Maybe_free(Maybe e){
+void Maybe_destruct(Maybe e){
     free(e.errmsg);
-    Unitype_free(e.value);
+    Unitype_destruct(&e.value);
 }
 
 void printMaybe(Maybe e){

src/base/errors.h

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ STRUCT(Maybe,
 //                            .value  .errmsg
 #define MaybeNull (Maybe){UniNull, NULL}
 
-void Maybe_free(Maybe e);
+void Maybe_destruct(Maybe e);
 void printMaybe(Maybe e);
 
 

src/base/memory/CstdAllocator.c

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "allocators_internal.h"
+
+void* CstdAllocator_alloc(allocator_ptr self, alloc_size_t size){
+    // assert(size>0);
+    return malloc(size);
+}
+
+void CstdAllocator_free(allocator_ptr self, void* ptr){
+    // assert(ptr!=NULL);
+    free(ptr);
+}
+
+kt_define(CstdAllocator, NULL, NULL);
+
+CstdAllocator CstdAllocator_instance=(CstdAllocator){.base.alloc_f=CstdAllocator_alloc, .base.free_f=CstdAllocator_free};

src/base/memory/LinearAllocator.c

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#include "allocators_internal.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+
+#define default_chunks_per_allocation 16
+// growing chunk array size
+#define new_max_chunks_count ( default_chunks_per_allocation*(self->chunks_count/16 == 0) + \
+    default_chunks_per_allocation*add_padding(self->chunks_count/2)/4 )
+
+#define default_chunk_size 1024
+// growing chunk size
+#define new_chunk_size ( default_chunk_size*(self->chunks_count/16 == 0) + \
+    default_chunk_size*add_padding(self->chunks_count/8) )
+
+#define chunk_alloc(SZ, OCCUPIED) (MemoryChunk){ .data=malloc(SZ), .size=SZ, .occupied_size=OCCUPIED }
+#define curr_chunk (self->chunks+self->curr_chunk_i)
+
+__attribute__ ((noinline)) void* ___alloc_realloc_chunk(LinearAllocator* self, alloc_size_t alloc_size){
+    free(curr_chunk->data);
+    *curr_chunk=chunk_alloc(alloc_size, alloc_size);
+    return curr_chunk->data;
+}
+
+__attribute__ ((noinline)) void* __alloc_new_chunk(LinearAllocator* self, alloc_size_t alloc_size){
+    self->curr_chunk_i++;
+    // next chunk has been already allocated
+    if(self->curr_chunk_i < self->chunks_count)
+        return curr_chunk->data;
+
+    // self->chunks array is full
+    if(self->chunks_count == self->max_chunks_count){
+        self->max_chunks_count = new_max_chunks_count;
+        self->chunks = realloc(self->chunks, sizeof(MemoryChunk) * self->max_chunks_count);
+    }
+
+    // new chunk allocation
+    self->chunks_count++;
+    alloc_size_t _new_chunk_size= alloc_size > new_chunk_size ? alloc_size : new_chunk_size;
+    *curr_chunk=chunk_alloc(_new_chunk_size, alloc_size);
+    return curr_chunk->data;
+}
+
+void* LinearAllocator_alloc(allocator_ptr _self, alloc_size_t alloc_size){
+    // assert(_self!=NULL);
+    // assert(alloc_size>0);
+    LinearAllocator* self = (LinearAllocator*)_self;
+    alloc_size=add_padding(alloc_size);
+
+    // aligned alloc_size can fit into the current chunk
+    if(curr_chunk->occupied_size + alloc_size <= curr_chunk->size){
+        void* data_ptr=curr_chunk->data + curr_chunk->occupied_size;
+        curr_chunk->occupied_size += alloc_size;
+        return data_ptr;
+    }
+    // reallocation of current chunk because it is clean
+    if(curr_chunk->occupied_size == 0){
+        // It is very unefficient operation.
+        // If it happens not only in the first chunk, code have to be refactored
+        assert(self->curr_chunk_i==0);
+        return ___alloc_realloc_chunk(self, alloc_size);
+    }
+    // creation of a new chunk
+    else {
+        return __alloc_new_chunk(self, alloc_size);
+    }
+}
+
+void LinearAllocator_free(allocator_ptr _self, void* ptr){
+    // LinearAllocator can't free pointers
+}
+
+void LinearAllocator_destruct(LinearAllocator* self){
+    // assert(_self!=NULL);
+    u32 size=0;
+    u32 oc_size=0;
+    for(u32 chunk_i=0; chunk_i < self->chunks_count; chunk_i++){
+        free(self->chunks[chunk_i].data);
+        size+=self->chunks[chunk_i].size;
+        oc_size+=self->chunks[chunk_i].occupied_size;
+    }
+    printf("\e[35m%u/%u\n",oc_size,size);
+    free(self->chunks);
+    self->chunks=NULL;
+    self->chunks_count=0;
+    self->curr_chunk_i=0;
+    self->max_chunks_count=0;
+}
+
+void LinearAllocator_construct(LinearAllocator* self, alloc_size_t starting_size){
+    assert(self!=NULL);
+    assert(starting_size>0);
+    self->base.alloc_f=LinearAllocator_alloc;
+    self->base.free_f=LinearAllocator_free;
+
+    self->curr_chunk_i=0;
+    self->chunks_count=1;
+    self->max_chunks_count=new_max_chunks_count;
+    self->chunks=malloc(sizeof(MemoryChunk) * new_max_chunks_count);
+    self->chunks[0]=chunk_alloc(starting_size, 0);
+}
+
+kt_define(LinearAllocator, (destruct_t)LinearAllocator_destruct, NULL)

src/base/memory/StackingAllocator.c

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#include "allocators_internal.h"
+
+#define chunk_alloc(SZ) (MemoryChunk){ .data=malloc(SZ), .size=SZ, .occupied_size=0 }
+#define linear self->base
+#define curr_chunk (linear.chunks+linear.curr_chunk_i)
+
+typedef struct {
+    alloc_size_t data_size;
+} AllocationHeader;
+
+void* StackingAllocator_alloc(allocator_ptr _self, alloc_size_t size){
+    assert(_self!=NULL);
+    assert(size>0);
+    StackingAllocator* self = (StackingAllocator*)_self;
+    size=add_padding(size);
+
+    // allocates memory with header struct before data
+    AllocationHeader* header_ptr=LinearAllocator_alloc(_self, sizeof(AllocationHeader) + size);
+    void* data_ptr = (void*)header_ptr + sizeof(AllocationHeader);
+    header_ptr->data_size = size;
+
+    self->allocations_count++;
+    return data_ptr;
+}
+
+void StackingAllocator_free(allocator_ptr _self, void* data_ptr){
+    assert(_self!=NULL);
+    assert(data_ptr!=NULL);
+    StackingAllocator* self = (StackingAllocator*)_self;
+    AllocationHeader* header_ptr = data_ptr - sizeof(AllocationHeader);
+    // TODO check is data_ptr pointer to the last allocation
+    // chunk is empty
+    if(curr_chunk->occupied_size==0){
+        // isn't the first chunk
+        assert(linear.curr_chunk_i>0);
+        linear.curr_chunk_i--;
+    }
+
+    alloc_size_t allocation_size=header_ptr->data_size+sizeof(*header_ptr);
+    // data must fit in chunk
+    assert(allocation_size <= curr_chunk->occupied_size);
+    curr_chunk->occupied_size -= allocation_size;
+}
+
+void StackingAllocator_destruct(StackingAllocator* self){
+    LinearAllocator_destruct(&self->base);
+}
+
+void StackingAllocator_construct(StackingAllocator* self, alloc_size_t starting_size){
+    assert(self!=NULL);
+    assert(starting_size>0);
+    LinearAllocator_construct(&linear, starting_size);
+    linear.base.alloc_f=StackingAllocator_alloc;
+    linear.base.free_f=StackingAllocator_free;
+    self->allocations_count=0;
+}
+
+kt_define(StackingAllocator, (destruct_t)StackingAllocator_destruct, NULL)

src/base/memory/allocator_base.h

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include "../std.h"
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+//       MemoryAllocator interface       //
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+
+typedef u32 alloc_size_t;
+typedef struct MemoryAllocator MemoryAllocator;
+typedef MemoryAllocator* allocator_ptr;
+
+typedef void* (*alloc_t)(allocator_ptr, alloc_size_t size);
+typedef void (*free_t)(allocator_ptr, void* ptr);
+
+typedef struct MemoryAllocator {
+    alloc_t alloc_f;
+    free_t free_f;
+} MemoryAllocator;
+
+#define allocator_alloc(ALLOCATOR, SIZE) \
+    ((allocator_ptr)ALLOCATOR)->alloc_f(ALLOCATOR, SIZE)
+#define allocator_free(ALLOCATOR, PTR) \
+    ((allocator_ptr)ALLOCATOR)->free_f(ALLOCATOR, PTR)
+#define allocator_destruct(ALLOCATOR) \
+    ((allocator_ptr)ALLOCATOR)->destruct_f(ALLOCATOR)
+
+void* allocator_transfer(allocator_ptr src, allocator_ptr dest, void* data, alloc_size_t data_size);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif

src/base/memory/allocators.c

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "memory.h"
+
+void* allocator_transfer(allocator_ptr src, allocator_ptr dest, void* data, alloc_size_t data_size)
+{
+    void* transfered=allocator_alloc(dest, data_size); 
+    memcpy(transfered, data, data_size);
+    allocator_free(src, data);
+    return transfered;
+}

src/base/memory/allocators.h

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#if __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include "../std.h"
+#include "../type_system/ktDescriptor.h"
+#include "allocator_base.h"
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+//             CstdAllocator             //
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+// Just wrapper for malloc() and free()  // 
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+
+STRUCT(CstdAllocator,
+    MemoryAllocator base;
+);
+
+extern CstdAllocator CstdAllocator_instance;
+#define CstdAllocator_instPtr (allocator_ptr)(&CstdAllocator_instance)
+
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+//            LinearAllocator            //
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+// Can't free allocated memory.          //
+// Allocates new memory chunk when the   //
+// current is full.                      // 
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+
+typedef struct MemoryChunk {
+    void* data;
+    alloc_size_t size;
+    alloc_size_t occupied_size;  /* free memory position in the current chunk. */
+} MemoryChunk;
+
+STRUCT(LinearAllocator,
+    MemoryAllocator base;
+    MemoryChunk* chunks;    /* MemoryChunk[max_chunks_count] */
+    u32 chunks_count;       /* allocated chunks */
+    u32 max_chunks_count;   /* chunks that can be allocated without reallocating .chunks */
+    u32 curr_chunk_i;       /* index of current chunk in .chunks, can be < .chunks_count */
+);
+
+void LinearAllocator_construct(LinearAllocator* self, alloc_size_t starting_size);
+void LinearAllocator_destruct(LinearAllocator* self);
+
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+//           StackingAllocator           //
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+// The same as Linear, but can free      //
+// allocations in reverse order          // 
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+
+STRUCT(StackingAllocator,
+    LinearAllocator base;
+    u32 allocations_count;
+);
+
+void StackingAllocator_construct(StackingAllocator* self, alloc_size_t starting_size);
+void StackingAllocator_destruct(StackingAllocator* self);
+
+
+#if __cplusplus
+}
+#endif

src/base/memory/allocators_internal.h

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#include <assert.h>
+#include "memory.h"
+
+void* LinearAllocator_alloc(allocator_ptr _self, alloc_size_t size);

src/base/memory/memory.h

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#include "allocators.h"
+
+// addresses must be aligned to this value
+#define memory_align sizeof(void*)
+// adds padding if memory_align if N isn't a multiple of memory_aligh
+#define add_padding(N) (N + (N%memory_align != 0)*(memory_align - N%memory_align)) 
+
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+//           NOT AN ALLOCATOR            //
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+// Macros to embed internal allocator    //
+// into some collection struct.          // 
+///////////////////////////////////////////
+
+/// call this macro inside struct declaration
+#define InternalAllocator_declare(AL_TYPE) \
+    AL_TYPE _internal_al; \
+    allocator_ptr _internal_al_ptr;
+
+/// get pointer to allocator
+#define InternalAllocator_getPtr(STRUCT_PTR) ((STRUCT_PTR)->_internal_al_ptr)
+
+/// true if allocator is stored inside the struct, otherwise false
+#define InternalAllocator_isInternal(STRUCT_PTR) (bool)((STRUCT_PTR)->_internal_al_ptr == (allocator_ptr)&(STRUCT_PTR)->_internal_al)
+
+/// set ptr to external allocator
+#define InternalAllocator_setExternal(STRUCT_PTR, EXT_AL_PTR) ((STRUCT_PTR)->_internal_al_ptr = EXT_AL_PTR);
+
+/// create internal allocator and set ptr to it
+#define InternalAllocator_construct(STRUCT_PTR, TYPE, CTOR_ARGS...) { \
+    TYPE##_construct(&(STRUCT_PTR)->_internal_al, CTOR_ARGS); \
+    (STRUCT_PTR)->_internal_al_ptr = (allocator_ptr)&(STRUCT_PTR)->_internal_al; \
+}
+
+/// if EXT_AL_PTR isn't null, set external allocator, otherwise create new
+#define InternalAllocator_setExternalOrConstruct(STRUCT_PTR, EXT_AL_PTR, TYPE, CTOR_ARGS...) \
+    if(EXT_AL_PTR!=NULL) InternalAllocator_setExternal(STRUCT_PTR, EXT_AL_PTR) \
+    else InternalAllocator_construct(STRUCT_PTR, TYPE, CTOR_ARGS)
+
+#define InternalAllocator_destructIfInternal(TYPE, STRUCT_PTR) {\
+    if(InternalAllocator_isInternal(STRUCT_PTR)) \
+        TYPE##_destruct((TYPE*)InternalAllocator_getPtr(STRUCT_PTR)); \
+}

src/base/optime.h

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
         tni=1; \
     } else tni=2; \
     kprintf("\e[93moperation \e[94m%s\e[93m lasted \e[94m%f \e[93m%s\n", \
-                                    opname,              t,  tnames[tni]);
+                                    opname,              t,  tnames[tni]); \
+     fflush(stdout);
 
 #ifdef CLOCK_REALTIME
 /// executes codeblock and prints execution time

src/base/std.h

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ typedef int64_t i64;
 typedef uint64_t u64;
 typedef float f32;
 typedef double f64;
-/// anonymous pointer without specified freeMembers() func
+/// anonymous pointer without specified destruct() func
 typedef void* Pointer;
 
 // Usually bool from stdbool.h is defined as macro,
@@ -38,6 +38,14 @@ typedef u8 bool;
 #define false 0
 #endif
 
+#ifndef memcpy
+extern void* memcpy(void *dest, const void * src, size_t n);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef typeof
+#define typeof __typeof__
+#endif
+
 #define dbg(N) kprintf("\e[95m%d\n",N)
 
 #define nameof(V) #V

src/base/type_system/README.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ and register it.
 
 ## type descriptors
 
-Every registered type should have it's own descriptor (`ktDescriptor`). It's a struct, which contains some information about type and pointers to some specific functions for this type (`toString`, `freeMembers`).
+Every registered type should have it's own descriptor (`ktDescriptor`). It's a struct, which contains some information about type and pointers to some specific functions for this type (`toString`, `destruct`).
 
 ## type registration
 

src/base/type_system/base_toString.c

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
 
 // accepts char* (ptr to char) and char* (ptr to string)
 // uses format kp_s and kp_c to determine what type is <c> argument
-char* __toString_char(void* c, u32 fmt) {
+char* __toString_char(allocator_ptr al, void* c, u32 fmt) {
     // *c=char*
     if(kp_fmt_dataFormat(fmt)==kp_s){
-        return cptr_copy((char*)c); // to avoid segmentation fault on free() when *c allocalet on stack
+        return cptr_copy(al, (char*)c); // to avoid segmentation fault on free() when *c allocalet on stack
     }
     // *c=char
     if(kp_fmt_dataFormat(fmt)==kp_c){
-        char* cc=malloc(2); 
+        char* cc=allocator_alloc(al, 2);
         cc[0]=*(char*)c;
         cc[1]=0;
         return cc;
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ char* __toString_char(void* c, u32 fmt) {
     else throw(ERR_FORMAT);
 }
 
-char* __toString_bool(void* c, u32 fmt) {
+char* __toString_bool(allocator_ptr al, void* c, u32 fmt) {
     static const char _strbool[4][6]={ "false", "true\0", "False", "True\0" };
     u8 strind=*(bool*)c==1 + kp_fmt_isUpper(fmt)*2;
-    char* rez=malloc(6);
+    char* rez=allocator_alloc(al, 6);
     rez[0]=_strbool[strind][0];
     rez[1]=_strbool[strind][1];
     rez[2]=_strbool[strind][2];
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ char* __toString_bool(void* c, u32 fmt) {
     return rez;
 }
 
-char* toString_i64(i64 n){
+char* toString_i64(allocator_ptr al, i64 n){
     i64 d=n<0 ? -1*n : n;
     char str[32];
     u8 i=sizeof(str);
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ char* toString_i64(i64 n){
     }
     if(n<0)
         str[--i]='-';
-    return cptr_copy((char*)str+i);
+    return cptr_copy(al, (char*)str+i);
 }
 
-char* toString_u64(u64 n, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase){
+char* toString_u64(allocator_ptr al, u64 n, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase){
     char str[32];
     u8 i=sizeof(str);
     str[--i]=0;
@@ -61,33 +61,30 @@ char* toString_u64(u64 n, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase){
         str[--i]='0' + n%10;
         n/=10;
     }
-    return cptr_copy((char*)str+i);
+    return cptr_copy(al, (char*)str+i);
 }
 
-#define _toString_float_impl(bufsize, maxPrecision) { \
+#define _toString_float_impl(al, bufsize, maxPrecision) { \
     char str[bufsize]; \
     if(precision>maxPrecision) \
         throw("too big precision"); \
     if(precision==0) \
         precision=toString_float_default_precision; \
-    i32 cn=IFMSC( \
-        sprintf_s(str, bufsize, "%.*f", precision, n), \
-        sprintf(str, "%.*f", precision, n) \
-    ); \
+    i32 cn=sprintf_s(str, bufsize, "%.*f", precision, n); \
     /* remove trailing zeroes except .0*/ \
     while(str[cn-1]=='0' && str[cn-2]!='.') \
         cn--; \
     if(withPostfix) \
         str[cn++]= uppercase ? 'F' : 'f'; \
     str[cn]='\0'; \
-    return cptr_copy(str); \
+    return cptr_copy(al, str); \
 }
 
-char* toString_f32(f32 n, u8 precision, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase)
-    _toString_float_impl(48, toString_f32_max_precision)
+char* toString_f32(allocator_ptr al, f32 n, u8 precision, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase)
+    _toString_float_impl(al, 48, toString_f32_max_precision)
 
-char* toString_f64(f64 n, u8 precision, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase)
-    _toString_float_impl(512, toString_f64_max_precision)
+char* toString_f64(allocator_ptr al, f64 n, u8 precision, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase)
+    _toString_float_impl(al, 512, toString_f64_max_precision)
 
 #define byte_to_bits(byte) { \
     str[cn++]='0' + (u8)((byte>>7)&1); /* 8th bit */ \
@@ -100,9 +97,9 @@ char* toString_f64(f64 n, u8 precision, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase)
     str[cn++]='0' + (u8)((byte>>0)&1); /* 1th bit */ \
 }
 
-char* toString_bin(void* _bytes, u32 size, bool inverse, bool withPrefix){
+char* toString_bin(allocator_ptr al, void* _bytes, u32 size, bool inverse, bool withPrefix){
     char* bytes=_bytes;
-    char* str=malloc(size*8 + (withPrefix?2:0) +1);
+    char* str=allocator_alloc(al, size*8 + (withPrefix?2:0) +1);
     u32 cn=0; // char number
     if(withPrefix){
         str[cn++]='0';
@@ -132,13 +129,13 @@ char _4bitsHex(u8 u, bool uppercase){
         default:
             dbg(u);
             throw("incorrect number");
-            return 219;
+            return (char)219;
     }
 }
 
-char* toString_hex(void* _bytes, u32 size, bool inverse, bool withPrefix, bool uppercase){
+char* toString_hex(allocator_ptr al, void* _bytes, u32 size, bool inverse, bool withPrefix, bool uppercase){
     char* bytes=_bytes;
-    char* str=malloc(size*2 + (withPrefix?2:0) + 1);
+    char* str=allocator_alloc(al, size*2 + (withPrefix?2:0) + 1);
     u32 cn=0; // char number
     if(withPrefix){
         str[cn++]='0';
@@ -166,67 +163,58 @@ char* toString_hex(void* _bytes, u32 size, bool inverse, bool withPrefix, bool u
 }
 
 
-#define __toString_i32_def(BITS) char* __toString_i##BITS(void* _n, u32 f){ \
+#define __toString_i_def(BITS) char* __toString_i##BITS(allocator_ptr al, void* _n, u32 f){ \
     switch(kp_fmt_dataFormat(f)){ \
         case kp_i: ; \
             i##BITS n=*(i##BITS*)_n; \
-            return toString_i64(n); \
+            return toString_i64(al,n); \
         case kp_b: \
-            return toString_bin(_n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f)); \
+            return toString_bin(al, _n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f)); \
         case kp_h: \
-            return toString_hex(_n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); \
+            return toString_hex(al, _n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); \
         default: \
             kprintf("\n%u\n", kp_fmt_dataFormat(f)); \
             throw(ERR_FORMAT); \
             return NULL; \
     } \
 }
-__toString_i32_def(8)
-__toString_i32_def(16)
-__toString_i32_def(32)
-__toString_i32_def(64)
 
-#define __toString_u_def(BITS) char* __toString_u##BITS(void* _n, u32 f){ \
+__toString_i_def(8)
+__toString_i_def(16)
+__toString_i_def(32)
+__toString_i_def(64)
+
+#define __toString_u_def(BITS) char* __toString_u##BITS(allocator_ptr al, void* _n, u32 f){ \
     switch(kp_fmt_dataFormat(f)){ \
         case kp_u: ; \
             u##BITS n=*(u##BITS*)_n; \
-            return toString_u64(n, kp_fmt_withPostfix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); \
+            return toString_u64(al, n, kp_fmt_withPostfix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); \
         case kp_b: \
-            return toString_bin(_n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f)); \
+            return toString_bin(al, _n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f)); \
         case kp_h: \
-            return toString_hex(_n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); \
+            return toString_hex(al, _n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); \
         default: \
             kprintf("\n%u\n", kp_fmt_dataFormat(f)); \
             throw(ERR_FORMAT); \
             return NULL; \
     } \
 }
+
 __toString_u_def(8)
 __toString_u_def(16)
 __toString_u_def(32)
-// __toString_u_def(64)
-char* __toString_u64(void* _n, u32 f){
-    switch(kp_fmt_dataFormat(f)){ 
-        case kp_u: ; 
-            u64 n=*(u64*)_n; 
-            return toString_u64(n, kp_fmt_withPostfix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); 
-        case kp_b: 
-            return toString_bin(_n, 64/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f)); 
-        case kp_h: 
-            return toString_hex(_n, 64/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); 
-        default: 
-            kprintf("\n%u\n", kp_fmt_dataFormat(f)); throw(ERR_FORMAT); return NULL; } 
-}
+__toString_u_def(64)
 
-#define __toString_float_def(BITS) char* __toString_f##BITS(void* _n, u32 f){ \
+
+#define __toString_f_def(BITS) char* __toString_f##BITS(allocator_ptr al, void* _n, u32 f){ \
     switch(kp_fmt_dataFormat(f)){ \
         case kp_f: ; \
             f##BITS n=*(f##BITS*)_n; \
-            return toString_f64(n, toString_float_default_precision, kp_fmt_withPostfix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); \
+            return toString_f64(al, n, toString_float_default_precision, kp_fmt_withPostfix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); \
         case kp_b: \
-            return toString_bin(_n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f)); \
+            return toString_bin(al, _n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f)); \
         case kp_h: \
-            return toString_hex(_n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); \
+            return toString_hex(al, _n, BITS/8, getEndian()==LittleEndian, kp_fmt_withPrefix(f), kp_fmt_isUpper(f)); \
         default: \
             kprintf("\n%u\n", kp_fmt_dataFormat(f)); \
             throw(ERR_FORMAT); \
@@ -234,5 +222,5 @@ char* __toString_u64(void* _n, u32 f){
     } \
 }
 
-__toString_float_def(32)
-__toString_float_def(64)
+__toString_f_def(32)
+__toString_f_def(64)

src/base/type_system/base_toString.h

@@ -5,42 +5,43 @@ extern "C" {
 #endif
 
 #include "../errors.h"
+#include "../memory/allocator_base.h"
 
 // accepts char* (ptr to char) and char* (ptr to string)
 // uses format kp_s and kp_c to determine what type is <c> argument
-char* __toString_char(void* c, u32 fmt);
+char* __toString_char(allocator_ptr al, void* c, u32 fmt);
 
 // bool
-char* __toString_bool(void* c, u32 fmt);
+char* __toString_bool(allocator_ptr al, void* c, u32 fmt);
 
 // signed int
-char* toString_i64(i64 n);
-char* __toString_i8(void* n, u32 fmt);
-char* __toString_i16(void* n, u32 fmt);
-char* __toString_i32(void* n, u32 fmt);
-char* __toString_i64(void* n, u32 fmt);
+char* toString_i64(allocator_ptr al, i64 n);
+char* __toString_i8(allocator_ptr al, void* n, u32 fmt);
+char* __toString_i16(allocator_ptr al, void* n, u32 fmt);
+char* __toString_i32(allocator_ptr al, void* n, u32 fmt);
+char* __toString_i64(allocator_ptr al, void* n, u32 fmt);
 
 // unsigned int
-char* toString_u64(u64 n, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase);
-char* __toString_u8(void* n, u32 fmt);
-char* __toString_u16(void* n, u32 fmt);
-char* __toString_u32(void* n, u32 fmt);
-char* __toString_u64(void* n, u32 fmt);
+char* toString_u64(allocator_ptr al, u64 n, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase);
+char* __toString_u8(allocator_ptr al, void* n, u32 fmt);
+char* __toString_u16(allocator_ptr al, void* n, u32 fmt);
+char* __toString_u32(allocator_ptr al, void* n, u32 fmt);
+char* __toString_u64(allocator_ptr al, void* n, u32 fmt);
 
 // float
 #define toString_f32_max_precision 6
 #define toString_f64_max_precision 15
 #define toString_float_default_precision 6
-char* toString_f32(f32 n, u8 precision, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase); // uses sprintf
-char* toString_f64(f64 n, u8 precision, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase); // uses sprintf
-char* __toString_f32(void* n, u32 fmt);
-char* __toString_f64(void* n, u32 fmt); 
+char* toString_f32(allocator_ptr al, f32 n, u8 precision, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase); // uses sprintf
+char* toString_f64(allocator_ptr al, f64 n, u8 precision, bool withPostfix, bool uppercase); // uses sprintf
+char* __toString_f32(allocator_ptr al, void* n, u32 fmt);
+char* __toString_f64(allocator_ptr al, void* n, u32 fmt);
 
 
 ///@param inverse set to true for little endian numbers (their bytes are in reverse order)
-char* toString_bin(void* bytes, u32 size, bool inverse, bool withPrefix);
+char* toString_bin(allocator_ptr al, void* bytes, u32 size, bool inverse, bool withPrefix);
 ///@param inverse set to true for little endian numbers (their bytes are in reverse order)
-char* toString_hex(void* bytes, u32 size, bool inverse, bool withPrefix, bool uppercase);
+char* toString_hex(allocator_ptr al, void* bytes, u32 size, bool inverse, bool withPrefix, bool uppercase);
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/base/type_system/init.c

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #include "../base.h"
-#include "../../Array/Array.h"
 #include "../../Autoarr/Autoarr.h"
 #include "../../SearchTree/SearchTree.h"
 #include "../../Hashtable/Hashtable.h"
@@ -29,21 +28,6 @@ void kt_initKerepTypes(){
     // ktDescriptor
     kt_register(ktDescriptor);
 
-    // base type arrays
-    kt_register(Array_char);
-    kt_register(Array_bool);
-    kt_register(Array_f32);
-    kt_register(Array_f64);
-    kt_register(Array_i8);
-    kt_register(Array_u8);
-    kt_register(Array_i16);
-    kt_register(Array_u16);
-    kt_register(Array_i32);
-    kt_register(Array_u32);
-    kt_register(Array_i64);
-    kt_register(Array_u64);
-    kt_register(Array_Pointer);
-
     // base type autoarrs
     kt_register(Autoarr_Pointer);
     kt_register(Autoarr_char);
@@ -61,7 +45,6 @@ void kt_initKerepTypes(){
 
     // Unitype
     kt_register(Unitype);
-    kt_register(Array_Unitype);
     kt_register(Autoarr_Unitype);
 
     // STNode
@@ -76,12 +59,16 @@ void kt_initKerepTypes(){
 
     // string
     kt_register(string);
-    kt_register(Array_string);
     kt_register(Autoarr_string);
 
     // StringBuilder
     kt_register(StringBuilder);
 
-    //File
+    // File
     kt_register(FileHandle);
+
+    // Allocators
+    kt_register(CstdAllocator);
+    kt_register(LinearAllocator);
+    kt_register(StackingAllocator);
 }

src/base/type_system/ktDescriptor.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "../std.h"
 #include "ktid.h"
 #include "typedef_macros.h"
+#include "../memory/allocator_base.h"
 
 #define kt_declare(TYPE)\
     ktid_declare(TYPE);\
@@ -19,25 +20,25 @@ extern "C" {
         .name=#TYPE, \
         .id=ktid_undefined, \
         .size=sizeof(TYPE), \
-        .freeMembers=FREE_MEMBERS_F, \
+        .destruct=FREE_MEMBERS_F, \
         .toString=TOSTRING_F \
     }; \
     ktDescriptor ktDescriptor_##TYPE##_Ptr={\
         .name=#TYPE "_Ptr", \
         .id=ktid_undefined, \
         .size=sizeof(TYPE), \
-        .freeMembers=FREE_MEMBERS_F, \
+        .destruct=FREE_MEMBERS_F, \
         .toString=TOSTRING_F \
     };
 
-typedef void (*freeMembers_t)(void*);
-typedef char* (*toString_t)(void* obj, u32 fmt);
+typedef void (*destruct_t)(void*);
+typedef char* (*toString_t)(allocator_ptr al, void* obj, u32 fmt);
 
 STRUCT(ktDescriptor,
     char* name;
     ktid id;
     u16 size;
-    freeMembers_t freeMembers; // NULL or function which frees all struct members
+    destruct_t destruct; // NULL or function which frees all struct members
     toString_t toString; // NULL or function which generates string representaion of object
 )
 

src/base/type_system/kt_functions.c

@@ -17,27 +17,27 @@ kt_define(i64, NULL, __toString_i64);
 kt_define(u64, NULL, __toString_u64);
 
 
-char* ktDescriptor_toString(ktDescriptor* d){
+char* ktDescriptor_toString(allocator_ptr al, ktDescriptor* d){
     const char* n="null";
-    char *s0 = toString_u64(d->id, 0,0);
-    char *s1 = toString_u64(d->size, 0,0);
-    char *s2 = d->toString ? toString_hex(d->toString, sizeof(void*), 0,1,0) : n;
-    char *s3 = d->freeMembers ? toString_hex(d->freeMembers, sizeof(void*), 0,1,0) : n;
-    char *rez=cptr_concat("ktDescriptor {"
+    char *s0 = toString_u64(al, d->id, 0,0);
+    char *s1 = toString_u64(al, d->size, 0,0);
+    char *s2 = d->toString ? toString_hex(al, d->toString, sizeof(void*), 0,1,0) : n;
+    char *s3 = d->destruct ? toString_hex(al, d->destruct, sizeof(void*), 0,1,0) : n;
+    char *rez=cptr_concat(al, "ktDescriptor {"
         " name:", d->name,
         " id:",s0,
         " size:",s1,
         " toString:",s2,
-        " freeMembers:",s3,
+        " destruct:",s3,
         " }");
-    free(s0);
-    free(s1);
-    if(s2!=n) free(s2);
-    if(s3!=n) free(s3);
+    if(s3!=n) allocator_free(al, s3);
+    if(s2!=n) allocator_free(al, s2);
+    allocator_free(al, s1);
+    allocator_free(al, s0);
     return rez;
 }
 
-char* _ktDescriptor_toString(void* _d, u32 fmt) { return ktDescriptor_toString(_d); }
+char* _ktDescriptor_toString(allocator_ptr al, void* _d, u32 fmt) { return ktDescriptor_toString(al, _d); }
 
 kt_define(ktDescriptor, NULL, _ktDescriptor_toString);
 
@@ -56,15 +56,16 @@ ktDescriptorsState initState=NotInitialized;
 
 void kt_beginInit(){
     kprintf("\e[94mtype descriptors initializing...\n");
-    __descriptorPointers=Autoarr_create(Pointer, 256, 256);
+    Autoarr_construct(__descriptorPointers, Pointer, 256, NULL);
 }
 
 void kt_endInit(){
     if(__descriptorPointers==NULL)
         throw(ERR_NULLPTR);
-    typeDescriptors=(ktDescriptor**)Autoarr_toArray(__descriptorPointers);
-    Autoarr_free(__descriptorPointers,true);
-    if(typeDescriptors==NULL) throw(ERR_NULLPTR);
+    typeDescriptors=(ktDescriptor**)Autoarr_toArray(__descriptorPointers, CstdAllocator_instPtr);
+    Autoarr_destruct(__descriptorPointers);
+    if(typeDescriptors==NULL)
+        throw(ERR_NULLPTR);
     kprintf("\e[92minitialized %u type descriptors\n", ktid_last);
 }
 
@@ -81,6 +82,6 @@ ktDescriptor* ktDescriptor_get(ktid id){
     return typeDescriptors[id];
 }
 
-void kt_free(){
+void kt_deinit(){
     free(typeDescriptors);
 }

src/base/type_system/kt_functions.h

@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ void kt_endInit();
 /// @param id id of registered type
 ktDescriptor* ktDescriptor_get(ktid id);
 
-char* ktDescriptor_toString(ktDescriptor* d);
+char* ktDescriptor_toString(allocator_ptr al, ktDescriptor* d);
 
 // call it to free heap-allocated ktDescriptors array
-void kt_free();
+void kt_deinit();
 
 kt_declare(Pointer);
 kt_declare(char);

src/base/type_system/typedef_macros.h

@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@
     ENUM_MEMBERS \
 } __attribute__((__packed__)) ENUM_NAME;
 
+#define PACKED_STRUCT(STRUCT_NAME, STRUCT_MEMBERS...) typedef struct STRUCT_NAME { \
+    STRUCT_MEMBERS \
+} __attribute__((__packed__)) STRUCT_NAME;
+
 #define STRUCT(STRUCT_NAME, STRUCT_MEMBERS...) typedef struct STRUCT_NAME STRUCT_NAME; \
 typedef struct STRUCT_NAME { \
     STRUCT_MEMBERS \

src/base/type_system/unitype.c

@@ -1,40 +1,36 @@
 #include "../../kprint/kprint_format.h"
 #include "../base.h"
 
-char *__Unitype_toString(void *_u, u32 fmt)
+char *__Unitype_toString(allocator_ptr al, void *_u, u32 fmt)
 {
-    return Unitype_toString(*(Unitype *)_u, fmt);
+    return Unitype_toString(al, *(Unitype *)_u, fmt);
 }
 
-kt_define(Unitype, __UnitypePtr_free, __Unitype_toString);
+kt_define(Unitype, (destruct_t)Unitype_destruct, __Unitype_toString);
 
-void Unitype_free(Unitype u)
+void Unitype_destruct(Unitype* u)
 {
-    if (u.typeId == ktid_undefined)
+    if (u->typeId == ktid_undefined)
     {
-        if (u.VoidPtr != NULL)
+        if (u->VoidPtr != NULL)
             throw("unitype with undefined typeId has value");
         return;
     }
 
-    ktDescriptor *type = ktDescriptor_get(u.typeId);
-    if (type->freeMembers)
-        type->freeMembers(u.VoidPtr);
-    if (u.allocatedInHeap)
-        free(u.VoidPtr);
-}
-void __UnitypePtr_free(void *u)
-{
-    Unitype_free(*(Unitype *)u);
+    ktDescriptor *type = ktDescriptor_get(u->typeId);
+    if (type->destruct)
+        type->destruct(u->VoidPtr);
+    if (u->allocatedInHeap)
+        free(u->VoidPtr);
 }
 
-char *Unitype_toString(Unitype u, u32 fmt)
+char *Unitype_toString(allocator_ptr al, Unitype u, u32 fmt)
 {
     if (u.typeId == ktid_undefined)
     {
         if (u.VoidPtr != NULL)
             throw("unitype with undefined typeId has value");
-        return cptr_copy("{ERROR_TYPE}");
+        return cptr_copy(al, "{ERROR_TYPE}");
     }
 
     if (fmt == 0)
@@ -74,7 +70,7 @@ char *Unitype_toString(Unitype u, u32 fmt)
         else if (u.typeId == ktid_name(Pointer))
         {
             if (u.VoidPtr == NULL)
-                return cptr_copy("{ UniNull }");
+                return cptr_copy(al, "{ UniNull }");
             fmt = kp_h;
         }
     }
@@ -82,19 +78,22 @@ char *Unitype_toString(Unitype u, u32 fmt)
     ktDescriptor *type = ktDescriptor_get(u.typeId);
     char *valuestr;
     if (type->toString)
-        valuestr = type->toString(u.VoidPtr, fmt);
+        valuestr = type->toString(al, u.VoidPtr, fmt);
     else
         valuestr = "ERR_NO_TOSTRING_FUNC";
-    char *rezult = cptr_concat("{ type: ", type->name, ", allocated on heap: ", (u.allocatedInHeap ? "true" : "false"),
+    char *rezult = cptr_concat(al, "{ type: ", type->name, ", allocated on heap: ", (u.allocatedInHeap ? "true" : "false"),
                                ", value:", valuestr, " }");
     if (type->toString)
-        free(valuestr);
+        allocator_free(al, valuestr);
     return rezult;
 }
 
 void printuni(Unitype v)
 {
-    char *s = Unitype_toString(v, 0);
+    LinearAllocator _al;
+    LinearAllocator_construct(&_al, 128);
+    allocator_ptr al=&_al.base;
+    char *s = Unitype_toString(al, v, 0);
     fputs(s, stdout);
-    free(s);
+    LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al);
 }

src/base/type_system/unitype.h

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ STRUCT(Unitype,
         char Bytes[8];
     };
     ktid typeId;
-    bool allocatedInHeap; // should Unitype_free call free() to VoidPtr*
+    bool allocatedInHeap; // should Unitype_destruct call free() to VoidPtr*
 )
 
 
@@ -45,9 +45,8 @@ STRUCT(Unitype,
 #define UniCheckTypePtr(UNI, TYPE) UniCheckTypeId(UNI, ktid_ptrName(TYPE))
 
 // frees VoidPtr value or does nothing if type isn't pointer
-void Unitype_free(Unitype u);
-void __UnitypePtr_free(void* u);
-char* Unitype_toString(Unitype v, u32 fmt);
+void Unitype_destruct(Unitype* u);
+char* Unitype_toString(allocator_ptr al, Unitype v, u32 fmt);
 void printuni(Unitype v);
 
 #if __cplusplus

src/kprint/kprint.c

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ ktid __typeFromFormat(kp_fmt f){
     }
 }
 
-Maybe __next_toString(kp_fmt f, void* object){
+Maybe __next_toString(allocator_ptr al, kp_fmt f, void* object){
     // detecting type
     ktid typeId=__typeFromFormat(f);
     if(typeId==ktid_undefined)
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Maybe __next_toString(kp_fmt f, void* object){
     ktDescriptor* type=ktDescriptor_get(typeId);
     if(!type->toString)
         safethrow("type descriptor doesnt have toString() func",;);
-    return SUCCESS(UniHeapPtr(char, type->toString(object, f)));
+    return SUCCESS(UniHeapPtr(char, type->toString(al, object, f)));
 }
 
 Maybe check_argsN(u8 n){
@@ -44,45 +44,53 @@ Maybe check_argsN(u8 n){
     return MaybeNull;
 }
 
-Maybe __ksprint(u8 n, kp_fmt* formats, __kp_value_union* objects){
+Maybe __ksprint(allocator_ptr al, u8 n, kp_fmt* formats, __kp_value_union* objects){
     try(check_argsN(n), _,;);
     n/=2;
-    StringBuilder* strb=StringBuilder_create();
+    StringBuilder _sb;
+    StringBuilder* sb=&_sb;
+    StringBuilder_construct(sb, al);
     for(u8 i=0; i<n; i++){
-        try(__next_toString(formats[i], &objects[i]),mStr,;);
-        StringBuilder_append_cptr(strb, mStr.value.VoidPtr);
-        Unitype_free(mStr.value);
+        try(__next_toString(al, formats[i], &objects[i]),mStr,;);
+        StringBuilder_append_cptr(sb, mStr.value.VoidPtr);
+        allocator_free(al, mStr.value.VoidPtr);
     }
-    char* rezult=StringBuilder_build(strb).ptr;
+    char* rezult=StringBuilder_build(sb).ptr;
     return SUCCESS(UniHeapPtr(char, rezult));
 }
 
 Maybe __kfprint(FILE* file, u8 n, kp_fmt* formats, __kp_value_union* objects){
     try(check_argsN(n), _,;);
     n/=2;
+    LinearAllocator _al;
+    LinearAllocator_construct(&_al, 256);
+    allocator_ptr al=&_al.base;
     for(u8 i=0; i<n; i++){
-        try(__next_toString(formats[i], &objects[i]),maybeStr,;);
+        try(__next_toString(al, formats[i], &objects[i]),maybeStr, LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al));
         if(fputs(maybeStr.value.VoidPtr, file)==EOF)
-            safethrow("can't write string to file", Unitype_free(maybeStr.value));
-        Unitype_free(maybeStr.value);
+            safethrow("can't write string to file", LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al));
     }
     fflush(file);
+    LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al);
     return MaybeNull;
 }
 
 void __kprint(u8 n, kp_fmt* formats, __kp_value_union* objects){
     tryLast(check_argsN(n), _,;);
     n/=2;
+    LinearAllocator _al;
+    LinearAllocator_construct(&_al, 256);
+    allocator_ptr al=&_al.base;
     for(u8 i=0; i<n; i++){
         kp_fmt fmt=formats[i];
         kprint_setColor(fmt);
-        tryLast(__next_toString(fmt, &objects[i]),maybeStr, kprint_setColor(kp_bgBlack|kp_fgGray));
-        if(fputs(maybeStr.value.VoidPtr, stdout)==EOF) \
+        tryLast(__next_toString(al, fmt, &objects[i]), maybeStr,
+            kprint_setColor(kp_bgBlack|kp_fgGray););
+        if(fputs(maybeStr.value.VoidPtr, stdout)==EOF)
             throw("can't write string to stdout");
-            //, Unitype_free(maybeStr.value)
-        Unitype_free(maybeStr.value);
     }
     fflush(stdout);
+    LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al);
 }
 
 #if defined(_WIN32)|| defined(_WIN64)
@@ -167,17 +175,19 @@ void kprint_setColor(kp_fmt f){
     ktDescriptor* type=ktDescriptor_get(format.typeId);
     if(!type->toString)
         safethrow("type descriptor doesnt have toString() func",;);
-    StringBuilder* strb=StringBuilder_create();
-    StringBuilder_append_char(strb, '[');
+    StringBuilder _sb;
+    StringBuilder* sb=&_sb;
+    StringBuilder_construct(sb, al);
+    StringBuilder_append_char(sb, '[');
     for (u16 e=1; e<count; e++){
-        StringBuilder_append_char(strb, ' ');
+        StringBuilder_append_char(sb, ' ');
         char* elStr=type->toString(array+type->size*e, &format);
-        StringBuilder_append_cptr(strb, elStr);
-        StringBuilder_append_char(strb, ',');
+        StringBuilder_append_cptr(sb, elStr);
+        StringBuilder_append_char(sb, ',');
     }
-    StringBuilder_rmchar(strb);
-    StringBuilder_append_char(strb, ' ');
-    StringBuilder_append_char(strb, ']');
+    StringBuilder_rmchar(sb);
+    StringBuilder_append_char(sb, ' ');
+    StringBuilder_append_char(sb, ']');
 } */
 
 static const char* _kp_colorNames[16]={
@@ -199,12 +209,12 @@ static const char* _kp_colorNames[16]={
     "white"
 };
 
-char* kp_bgColor_toString(kp_fmt c){
+char* kp_bgColor_toString(allocator_ptr al, kp_bgColor c){
     u32 color_index=(c&0x00f00000)>>20;
     if(color_index>15) throw(ERR_WRONGINDEX);
     return _kp_colorNames[color_index];
 }
-char* kp_fgColor_toString(kp_fmt c){
+char* kp_fgColor_toString(allocator_ptr al, kp_fgColor c){
     u32 color_index=(c&0x00f00000)>>24;
     if(color_index>15) throw(ERR_WRONGINDEX);
     return _kp_colorNames[color_index];

src/kprint/kprint.h

@@ -70,12 +70,12 @@ static inline __kp_value_union __kpVU_i(i64 f) { return (__kp_value_union){ .i64
         __kp_argsToObjs32(ARGS))
 
 
-Maybe __ksprint(u8 n, kp_fmt* formats, __kp_value_union* objects);
+Maybe __ksprint(allocator_ptr al, u8 n, kp_fmt* formats, __kp_value_union* objects);
 
 /// @param ARGS kp_fmt, value, kp_fmt, value...
 ///@returns Maybe<char*>
-#define ksprint(ARGS...) WARNING_DISABLE( W_INT_CONVERSION, \
-        __ksprint(count_args(ARGS), __kp_argsToArrs(count_args(ARGS),ARGS, __32zeroes)) \
+#define ksprint(ALLOCATOR, ARGS...) WARNING_DISABLE( W_INT_CONVERSION, \
+        __ksprint(ALLOCATOR, count_args(ARGS), __kp_argsToArrs(count_args(ARGS),ARGS, __32zeroes)) \
     )
 /*-Wint-conversion warning was produced during value to __kp_value_union conversion*/
 

src/kprint/kprint_colors.h

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#include "../base/memory/allocator_base.h"
+
 //         10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000
 //         ^   ^^^^
 //         |   color num
@@ -81,8 +83,8 @@ PACKED_ENUM(kp_bgColor,
     kp_bgWhite   = 0x40f00000
 )
 
-char* kp_bgColor_toString(kp_bgColor c);
-char* kp_fgColor_toString(kp_fgColor c);
+char* kp_bgColor_toString(allocator_ptr al, kp_bgColor c);
+char* kp_fgColor_toString(allocator_ptr al, kp_fgColor c);
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/kprint/kprintf.c

@@ -49,6 +49,9 @@ void kprintf(const char* format, ...){
     va_list vl;
     va_start(vl, format);
     u32 i=0;
+    LinearAllocator _al;
+    LinearAllocator_construct(&_al, 128);
+    allocator_ptr al=(allocator_ptr)&_al;
     for(char c=format[i++]; c!=0; c=format[i++]){
         // value format specifiers
         if(c=='%'){
@@ -58,18 +61,18 @@ void kprintf(const char* format, ...){
             format_escape_seq:
             switch (c) {
                 case 'u':
-                    argstr=toString_u64(
+                    argstr=toString_u64(al,
                         l ? va_arg(vl, u64) : va_arg(vl, u32)
                         ,0,0);
                     break;
                 case 'i': case 'd':
-                    argstr=toString_i64(
+                    argstr=toString_i64(al,
                         l ? va_arg(vl, i64) : va_arg(vl, i32)
                         );
                     break;
                 case 'f':
                     // f32 is promoted to f64 when passed through '...'
-                    argstr=toString_f64(va_arg(vl, f64), toString_float_default_precision,0,0);
+                    argstr=toString_f64(al, va_arg(vl, f64), toString_float_default_precision,0,0);
                     break;
                case 'l':
                     l=true;
@@ -78,16 +81,16 @@ void kprintf(const char* format, ...){
                     break;
                 case 'p': ;
                     void* phex=va_arg(vl, void*);
-                    argstr=toString_hex(&phex,getEndian()==LittleEndian,sizeof(phex),1,0);
+                    argstr=toString_hex(al, &phex,getEndian()==LittleEndian,sizeof(phex),1,0);
                     break;
                 case 'x': ;
                     if(l){
                         u64 xhex=va_arg(vl, u64);
-                        argstr=toString_hex(&xhex,getEndian()==LittleEndian,sizeof(xhex),0,1);
+                        argstr=toString_hex(al, &xhex,getEndian()==LittleEndian,sizeof(xhex),0,1);
                     }
                     else {
                         u32 xhex=va_arg(vl, u32);
-                        argstr=toString_hex(&xhex,getEndian()==LittleEndian,sizeof(xhex),0,1);
+                        argstr=toString_hex(al, &xhex,getEndian()==LittleEndian,sizeof(xhex),0,1);
                     }
                     break;
                 case 's': ;
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ void kprintf(const char* format, ...){
                         fputs(cptr, stdout);
                     break;
                 case 'c':
-                    argstr=malloc(2);
+                    argstr=allocator_alloc(al, 2);
                     argstr[0]=(char)va_arg(vl,int);
                     argstr[1]=0;
                     break;
@@ -111,7 +114,6 @@ void kprintf(const char* format, ...){
             }
             if(argstr){
                 fputs(argstr, stdout);
-                free(argstr);
             }
         }
         // escape sequences
@@ -152,4 +154,5 @@ void kprintf(const char* format, ...){
         #endif
     }
     va_end(vl);
+    LinearAllocator_destruct(&_al);
 }

src/random/RANDOM.md

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
-# Xoshiro/Xoroshiro RNG algorithms
-There are a bunch of versions of xoshiro/xoroshiro algorithms, which are created by [David Blackman and Sebastiano Vigna](https://prng.di.unimi.it/)
+# Random
+This directory contains some popular random functions. I recommend you using `splitmix64` initialized with `random_seedFromTime` for fast rng, hoshiro128plus for more accurate 32-bit rng and hoshiro256plus for 64-bit.
 
 
+## Xoshiro/Xoroshiro RNG algorithms
+There are a bunch of versions of xoshiro/xoroshiro algorithms, which are created by [David Blackman and Sebastiano Vigna](https://prng.di.unimi.it/)
+
 ```
 xoroshiro
 ├── 32bitValue

src/random/krandom.h

@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#if __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-#include "../base/std.h"
-#include "splitmix64/splitmix64.h"
-#include "xoroshiro/xoroshiro.h"
-#include "xoshiro/xoshiro.h"
-
-/*
-You can choose any algorithm that has required functions:
-
-    some_alg32_statePtr some_alg32_init(u32 seed);
-    u32 some_alg32_next(some_alg32_statePtr);
-    void some_alg32_free(some_alg32_statePtr);
-
-    #define KRAND_ALG32_init some_alg32_init
-    #define KRAND_ALG32_next some_alg32_next
-    #define KRAND_ALG32_free some_alg32_free
-    #include "kerep/random/krandom.h"
-
-The same way it works for 64-bit RNGs
-*/
-
-// default rng_next function
-#ifndef KRAND_ALG32_next
-#define KRAND_ALG32_next xoshiro128plus##_next
-#endif
-#ifndef KRAND_ALG32_init
-#define KRAND_ALG32_init xoshiro128plus##_init
-#endif
-#ifndef KRAND_ALG32_free
-#define KRAND_ALG32_free xoshiro128plus##_free
-#endif
-#ifndef KRAND_ALG64_next
-#define KRAND_ALG64_next xoshiro256plus##_next
-#endif
-#ifndef KRAND_ALG64_init
-#define KRAND_ALG64_init xoshiro256plus##_init
-#endif
-#ifndef KRAND_ALG64_free
-#define KRAND_ALG64_free xoshiro256plus##_free
-#endif
-
-typedef void* krand_statePtr;
-#define KRAND_ALG32_initFromTime xoshiro128plus##_initFromTime
-#define KRAND_ALG64_initFromTime xoshiro256plus##_initFromTime
-
-#define __krand_next_definition(VALUE_SIZE) { return from+KRAND_ALG##VALUE_SIZE##_next(state)%(to-from); }
-
-// ready-to-use functions
-static inline i8  krand_next8 (krand_statePtr state, i8  from, i8  to) __krand_next_definition(32)
-static inline i16 krand_next16(krand_statePtr state, i16 from, i16 to) __krand_next_definition(32)
-static inline i32 krand_next32(krand_statePtr state, i32 from, i32 to) __krand_next_definition(32)
-static inline i64 krand_next64(krand_statePtr state, i64 from, i64 to) __krand_next_definition(64)
-
-// divides random number by 2^64 to return a value between 0 and 1
-static inline f32 krand_nextFloat32(krand_statePtr state) {return (u32)KRAND_ALG32_next(state)/0xffffffff; }
-static inline f64 krand_nextFloat64(krand_statePtr state) {return KRAND_ALG64_next(state)/0xffffffff; }
-
-
-///@param chance (0-1.0) is probability of success
-static inline bool fate(krand_statePtr state,float chance){
-    i32 limit=1/chance + 0.01f;
-    return KRAND_ALG32_next(state)%limit == 0;
-}
-
-#if __cplusplus
-}
-#endif

src/random/random.h

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#if __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include "../base/std.h"
+#include "splitmix64/splitmix64.h"
+#include "xoroshiro/32bitValue/xoroshiro64.h"
+#include "xoroshiro/64bitValue/xoroshiro128.h"
+#include "xoshiro/32bitValue/xoshiro128.h"
+#include "xoshiro/64bitValue/xoshiro256.h"
+
+
+#define random_seedFromTime() time(NULL)
+
+/// divides random number by 2^32
+/// @return value between 0 and 1
+static inline f32 random_toFloat32(u32 random_value)   { return (f32)random_value / (f32)0xffff; }
+/// divides random number by 2^64
+/// @return value between 0 and 1
+static inline f64 random_nextFloat64(u64 random_value) { return (f64)random_value / (f64)0xffffffff; }
+
+///@param probability (0-1.0) probability of success
+///@return is action sucsessfull or not
+static inline bool random_probability(u32 random_value, float probability){
+    i32 limit=1.0f/probability + 0.0002f;
+    return random_value%limit == 0;
+}
+
+#if __cplusplus
+}
+#endif

src/random/splitmix64/splitmix64.c

@@ -11,20 +11,11 @@ computations) or xorshift1024* (for massively parallel computations)
 generator.
 */
 
-// The state can be seeded with any (upto) 64 bit integer value.
-
-void* splitmix64_init(u64 seed){
-    splitmix64_state* state=malloc(sizeof(splitmix64_state));
-    *state=seed;
-    return state;
-}
-
-u64 splitmix64_next(void* _state) {
-    splitmix64_state* state=_state;
+u64 splitmix64_next(splitmix64_state* state_ptr) {
     // increment the state variable
-    *state += 0x9e3779b97f4a7c15;
+    *state_ptr += 0x9e3779b97f4a7c15;
     // copy the state to a working variable
-    u64 z = *state;
+    u64 z = *state_ptr;
     // xor the variable with the variable right bit shifted 30 then multiply by a constant
     z = (z ^ (z>>30)) * 0xbf58476d1ce4e5b9;
     // xor the variable with the variable right bit shifted 27 then multiply by a constant

src/random/splitmix64/splitmix64.h

@@ -7,16 +7,13 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "../../base/base.h"
 
 typedef u64 splitmix64_state;
-typedef void* splitmix64_statePtr;
 
-splitmix64_statePtr splitmix64_init(u64 seed);
-static inline splitmix64_statePtr splitmix64_initFromTime(void) { return splitmix64_init(time(NULL)); }
-
-u64 splitmix64_next(splitmix64_statePtr);
-static inline void splitmix64_free(splitmix64_statePtr state) {
-    free(state); 
+static inline void splitmix64_construct(splitmix64_state* state, u64 seed){
+    *state=seed;
 }
 
+u64 splitmix64_next(splitmix64_state* state_ptr);
+
 #if __cplusplus
 }
 #endif

src/random/xoroshiro/32bitValue/xoroshiro64.h

@@ -4,31 +4,17 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-#include "../../../base/std.h"
 #include "../../splitmix64/splitmix64.h"
 
 typedef union {
     u64 merged;
     u32 s[2];
 } xoroshiro64_state;
-typedef void* xoroshiro64_statePtr;
 
-xoroshiro64_statePtr xoroshiro64_init(u64 seed);
-#define xoroshiro64star_init xoroshiro64_init
-#define xoroshiro64starstar_init xoroshiro64_init
+void xoroshiro64_construct(xoroshiro64_state* state_ptr, u64 seed);
 
-static inline xoroshiro64_statePtr xoroshiro64_initFromTime(void) { return xoroshiro64_init(time(NULL)); }
-#define xoroshiro64star_initFromTime xoroshiro64_initFromTime
-#define xoroshiro64starstar_initFromTime xoroshiro64_initFromTime
-
-u32 xoroshiro64star_next(xoroshiro64_statePtr);
-u32 xoroshiro64starstar_next(xoroshiro64_statePtr);
-
-static inline void xoroshiro64_free(xoroshiro64_statePtr state) {
-    free(state); 
-}
-#define xoroshiro64star_free xoroshiro64_free
-#define xoroshiro64starstar_free xoroshiro64_free
+u32 xoroshiro64star_next(xoroshiro64_state*);
+u32 xoroshiro64starstar_next(xoroshiro64_state*);
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/random/xoroshiro/32bitValue/xoroshiro64star.c

@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@ static inline u32 rotl(const u32 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x >> (32 - k));
 }
 
-u32 xoroshiro64star_next(void* _state) {
-    xoroshiro64_state* state=_state;
+u32 xoroshiro64star_next(xoroshiro64_state* state) {
     const u32 s0 = state->s[0];
     u32 s1 = state->s[1];
     const u32 result = s0 * 0x9E3779BB;
@@ -40,10 +39,8 @@ u32 xoroshiro64star_next(void* _state) {
     return result;
 }
 
-void* xoroshiro64_init(u64 seed){
-    xoroshiro64_state* state=malloc(sizeof(xoroshiro64_state));
-    splitmix64_state* splitmix=splitmix64_init(seed);
-    state->merged=splitmix64_next(splitmix);
-    splitmix64_free(splitmix);
-    return state;
+void xoroshiro64_construct(xoroshiro64_state* state, u64 seed){
+    splitmix64_state sm_state;
+    splitmix64_construct(&sm_state, seed);
+    state->merged=splitmix64_next(&sm_state);
 }

src/random/xoroshiro/32bitValue/xoroshiro64starstar.c

@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ static inline u32 rotl(const u32 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x >> (32 - k));
 }
 
-u32 xoroshiro64starstar_next(void* _state) {
-    xoroshiro64_state* state=_state;
+u32 xoroshiro64starstar_next(xoroshiro64_state* state) {
     const u32 s0 = state->s[0];
     u32 s1 = state->s[1];
     const u32 result = rotl(s0 * 0x9E3779BB, 5) * 5;

src/random/xoroshiro/64bitValue/xoroshiro128.h

@@ -4,35 +4,17 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-#include "../../../base/std.h"
 #include "../../splitmix64/splitmix64.h"
 
-
 typedef union {
   u32 s[2];
 } xoroshiro128_state;
-typedef void* xoroshiro128_statePtr;
 
-xoroshiro128_statePtr xoroshiro128_init(u64 seed);
-#define xoroshiro128plus_init xoroshiro128_init
-#define xoroshiro128plusplus_init xoroshiro128_init
-#define xoroshiro128starstar_init xoroshiro128_init
+void xoroshiro128_construct(xoroshiro128_state* state, u64 seed);
 
-static inline xoroshiro128_statePtr xoroshiro128_initFromTime(void) { return xoroshiro128_init(time(NULL)); }
-#define xoroshiro128plus_initFromTime xoroshiro128_initFromTime
-#define xoroshiro128plusplus_initFromTime xoroshiro128_initFromTime
-#define xoroshiro128starstar_initFromTime xoroshiro128_initFromTime
-
-u64 xoroshiro128plus_next(xoroshiro128_statePtr);
-u64 xoroshiro128plusplus_next(xoroshiro128_statePtr);
-u64 xoroshiro128starstar_next(xoroshiro128_statePtr);
-
-static inline void xoroshiro128_free(xoroshiro128_statePtr state) {
-    free(state); 
-}
-#define xoroshiro128plus_free xoroshiro128_free
-#define xoroshiro128plusplus_free xoroshiro128_free
-#define xoroshiro128starstar_free xoroshiro128_free
+u64 xoroshiro128plus_next(xoroshiro128_state*);
+u64 xoroshiro128plusplus_next(xoroshiro128_state*);
+u64 xoroshiro128starstar_next(xoroshiro128_state*);
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/random/xoroshiro/64bitValue/xoroshiro128plus.c

@@ -36,8 +36,7 @@ static inline u64 rotl(const u64 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x >> (64 - k));
 }
 
-u64 xoroshiro128plus_next(void* _state){    
-    xoroshiro128_state* state=_state;
+u64 xoroshiro128plus_next(xoroshiro128_state* state){
     const u64 s0 = state->s[0];
     u64 s1 = state->s[1];
     const u64 result = s0 + s1;
@@ -49,11 +48,9 @@ u64 xoroshiro128plus_next(void* _state){
     return result;
 }
 
-void* xoroshiro128_init(u64 seed){
-    xoroshiro128_state* state=malloc(sizeof(xoroshiro128_state));
-    splitmix64_state* splitmix=splitmix64_init(seed);
-    state->s[0]=splitmix64_next(splitmix);
-    state->s[1]=splitmix64_next(splitmix);
-    splitmix64_free(splitmix);
-    return state;
+void xoroshiro128_construct(xoroshiro128_state* state, u64 seed){
+    splitmix64_state sm_state;
+    splitmix64_construct(&sm_state, seed);
+    state->s[0]=splitmix64_next(&sm_state);
+    state->s[1]=splitmix64_next(&sm_state);
 }

src/random/xoroshiro/64bitValue/xoroshiro128plusplus.c

@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ static inline u64 rotl(const u64 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x >> (64 - k));
 }
 
-u64 xoroshiro128plusplus_next(void* _state){    
-    xoroshiro128_state* state=_state;
+u64 xoroshiro128plusplus_next(xoroshiro128_state* state){    
     const u64 s0 = state->s[0];
     u64 s1 = state->s[1];
     const u64 result = rotl(s0 + s1, 17) + s0;

src/random/xoroshiro/64bitValue/xoroshiro128starstar.c

@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ static inline u64 rotl(const u64 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x >> (64 - k));
 }
 
-u64 xoroshiro128starstar_next(void* _state){    
-    xoroshiro128_state* state=_state;
+u64 xoroshiro128starstar_next(xoroshiro128_state* state){    
     const u64 s0 = state->s[0];
     u64 s1 = state->s[1];
     const u64 result = rotl(s0 * 5, 7) * 9;

src/random/xoroshiro/xoroshiro.h

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-#include "32bitValue/xoroshiro64.h"
-#include "64bitValue/xoroshiro128.h"

src/random/xoshiro/32bitValue/xoshiro128.h

@@ -4,36 +4,18 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-#include "../../../base/std.h"
 #include "../../splitmix64/splitmix64.h"
 
-
 typedef union {
     u64 merged[2];
     u32 s[4];
 } xoshiro128_state;
-typedef void* xoshiro128_statePtr;
 
-xoshiro128_statePtr xoshiro128_init(u64 seed);
-#define xoshiro128plus_init xoshiro128_init
-#define xoshiro128plusplus_init xoshiro128_init
-#define xoshiro128starstar_init xoshiro128_init
+void xoshiro128_construct(xoshiro128_state* state, u64 seed);
 
-static inline xoshiro128_statePtr xoshiro128_initFromTime(void) { return xoshiro128_init(time(NULL)); }
-#define xoshiro128plus_initFromTime xoshiro128_initFromTime
-#define xoshiro128plusplus_initFromTime xoshiro128_initFromTime
-#define xoshiro128starstar_initFromTime xoshiro128_initFromTime
-
-u32 xoshiro128plus_next(xoshiro128_statePtr);
-u32 xoshiro128plusplus_next(xoshiro128_statePtr);
-u32 xoshiro128starstar_next(xoshiro128_statePtr);
-
-static inline void xoshiro128_free(xoshiro128_statePtr state) {
-    free(state); 
-}
-#define xoshiro128plus_free xoshiro128_free
-#define xoshiro128plusplus_free xoshiro128_free
-#define xoshiro128starstar_free xoshiro128_free
+u32 xoshiro128plus_next(xoshiro128_state*);
+u32 xoshiro128plusplus_next(xoshiro128_state*);
+u32 xoshiro128starstar_next(xoshiro128_state*);
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/random/xoshiro/32bitValue/xoshiro128plus.c

@@ -26,8 +26,7 @@ static inline u32 rotl(const u32 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x >> (32 - k));
 }
 
-u32 xoshiro128plus_next(void* _state){    
-    xoshiro128_state* state=_state;
+u32 xoshiro128plus_next(xoshiro128_state* state){
     const u32 result = state->s[0] + state->s[3];
 
     const u32 t = state->s[1] << 9;
@@ -44,11 +43,9 @@ u32 xoshiro128plus_next(void* _state){
     return result;
 }
 
-void* xoshiro128_init(u64 seed){
-    xoshiro128_state* state=malloc(sizeof(xoshiro128_state));
-    splitmix64_state* splitmix=splitmix64_init(seed);
-    state->merged[0]=splitmix64_next(splitmix);
-    state->merged[1]=splitmix64_next(splitmix);
-    splitmix64_free(splitmix);
-    return state;
+void xoshiro128_construct(xoshiro128_state* state, u64 seed){
+    splitmix64_state sm_state;
+    splitmix64_construct(&sm_state, seed);
+    state->merged[0]=splitmix64_next(&sm_state);
+    state->merged[1]=splitmix64_next(&sm_state);
 }

src/random/xoshiro/32bitValue/xoshiro128plusplus.c

@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ static inline u32 rotl(const u32 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x >> (32 - k));
 }
 
-u32 xoshiro128plusplus_next(void* _state){    
-    xoshiro128_state* state=_state;
+u32 xoshiro128plusplus_next(xoshiro128_state* state){
     const u32 result = rotl(state->s[0] + state->s[3], 7) + state->s[0];
 
     const u32 t = state->s[1] << 9;

src/random/xoshiro/32bitValue/xoshiro128starstar.c

@@ -26,8 +26,7 @@ static inline u32 rotl(const u32 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x >> (32 - k));
 }
 
-u32 xoshiro128starstar_next(void* _state){    
-    xoshiro128_state* state=_state;
+u32 xoshiro128starstar_next(xoshiro128_state* state){
     const u32 result = rotl(state->s[1] * 5, 7) * 9;
 
     const u32 t = state->s[1] << 9;

src/random/xoshiro/64bitValue/xoshiro256.h

@@ -4,35 +4,17 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-#include "../../../base/std.h"
 #include "../../splitmix64/splitmix64.h"
 
-
 typedef union {
     u64 s[4];
 } xoshiro256_state;
-typedef void* xoshiro256_statePtr;
 
-xoshiro256_statePtr xoshiro256_init(u64 seed);
-#define xoshiro256plus_init xoshiro256_init
-#define xoshiro256plusplus_init xoshiro256_init
-#define xoshiro256starstar_init xoshiro256_init
+void xoshiro256_construct(xoshiro256_state* state, u64 seed);
 
-static inline xoshiro256_statePtr xoshiro256_initFromTime(void) { return xoshiro256_init(time(NULL)); }
-#define xoshiro256plus_initFromTime xoshiro256_initFromTime
-#define xoshiro256plusplus_initFromTime xoshiro256_initFromTime
-#define xoshiro256starstar_initFromTime xoshiro256_initFromTime
-
-u64 xoshiro256plus_next(xoshiro256_statePtr);
-u64 xoshiro256plusplus_next(xoshiro256_statePtr);
-u64 xoshiro256starstar_next(xoshiro256_statePtr);
-
-static inline void xoshiro256_free(xoshiro256_statePtr state) {
-    free(state); 
-}
-#define xoshiro256plus_free xoshiro256_free
-#define xoshiro256plusplus_free xoshiro256_free
-#define xoshiro256starstar_free xoshiro256_free
+u64 xoshiro256plus_next(xoshiro256_state*);
+u64 xoshiro256plusplus_next(xoshiro256_state*);
+u64 xoshiro256starstar_next(xoshiro256_state*);
 
 #if __cplusplus
 }

src/random/xoshiro/64bitValue/xoshiro256plus.c

@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ static inline u64 rotl(const u64 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x >> (64 - k));
 }
 
-u64 xoshiro256plus_next(void* _state){    
-    xoshiro256_state* state=_state;
+u64 xoshiro256plus_next(xoshiro256_state* state){
     const u64 result = state->s[0] + state->s[3];
 
     const u64 t = state->s[1] << 17;
@@ -46,13 +45,11 @@ u64 xoshiro256plus_next(void* _state){
     return result;
 }
 
-void* xoshiro256_init(u64 seed){
-    xoshiro256_state* state=malloc(sizeof(xoshiro256_state));
-    splitmix64_state* splitmix=splitmix64_init(seed);
-    state->s[0]=splitmix64_next(splitmix);
-    state->s[1]=splitmix64_next(splitmix);
-    state->s[2]=splitmix64_next(splitmix);
-    state->s[3]=splitmix64_next(splitmix);
-    splitmix64_free(splitmix);
-    return state;
+void xoshiro256_construct(xoshiro256_state* state, u64 seed){
+    splitmix64_state sm_state;
+    splitmix64_construct(&sm_state, seed);
+    state->s[0]=splitmix64_next(&sm_state);
+    state->s[1]=splitmix64_next(&sm_state);
+    state->s[2]=splitmix64_next(&sm_state);
+    state->s[3]=splitmix64_next(&sm_state);
 }

src/random/xoshiro/64bitValue/xoshiro256plusplus.c

@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ static inline u64 rotl(const u64 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x>>(64 - k));
 }
 
-u64 xoshiro256plusplus_next(void* _state) {
-    xoshiro256_state* state=_state;
+u64 xoshiro256plusplus_next(xoshiro256_state* state) {
     const u64 result=rotl(state->s[0] + state->s[3], 23) + state->s[0];
     const u64 t=state->s[1] << 17;
     state->s[2] ^= state->s[0];

src/random/xoshiro/64bitValue/xoshiro256starstar.c

@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ static inline u64 rotl(const u64 x, i32 k) {
     return (x << k) | (x >> (64 - k));
 }
 
-u64 xoshiro256starstar_next(void* _state){    
-    xoshiro256_state* state=_state;
+u64 xoshiro256starstar_next(xoshiro256_state* state){
     const u64 result = rotl(state->s[1] * 5, 7) * 9;
 
     const u64 t = state->s[1] << 17;

src/random/xoshiro/xoshiro.h

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-#include "32bitValue/xoshiro128.h"
-#include "64bitValue/xoshiro256.h"

tests/main.cpp

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ i32 main(){
     kt_initKerepTypes();
     kt_endInit();
     test_all();
-    kt_free();
+    kt_deinit();
     kprintf("\e[0m\n");
     return 0;
 }

tests/test_allocators.c

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include "tests.h"
+
+void _test_allocator(allocator_ptr al){
+    void* ptr=allocator_alloc(al, 1);
+    allocator_free(al, ptr);
+    ptr=allocator_alloc(al, 5);
+    allocator_free(al, ptr);
+    ptr=allocator_alloc(al, 41);
+    allocator_free(al, ptr);
+    ptr=allocator_alloc(al, 19);
+    void* ptr1=allocator_alloc(al, 1);
+    void* ptr2=allocator_alloc(al, 5);
+    // allocator_free(al, ptr); // temp case
+    allocator_free(al, ptr2);
+    allocator_free(al, ptr1);
+    allocator_free(al, ptr);
+    ptr=allocator_alloc(al, 500);
+    ptr1=allocator_alloc(al, 1025);
+    allocator_free(al, ptr1);
+    allocator_free(al, ptr);/*
+    ptr=allocator_alloc(al, 5000);
+    ptr1=allocator_alloc(al, 5000000);
+    allocator_free(al, ptr1);
+    allocator_free(al, ptr);*/
+}
+
+
+void test_allocators(){
+    kprintf("\e[96m----------[test_allocators]-----------\n");
+    optime("test CstdAllocator", 10000,
+        _test_allocator(CstdAllocator_instPtr);
+    );
+    optime("test LinearAllocator", 10000,
+        LinearAllocator al;
+        LinearAllocator_construct(&al, 4096);
+        _test_allocator((allocator_ptr)&al);
+        LinearAllocator_destruct(&al);
+    );
+    optime("test StackingAllocator", 10000,
+        StackingAllocator al;
+        StackingAllocator_construct(&al, 4096);
+        _test_allocator((allocator_ptr)&al);
+        StackingAllocator_destruct(&al);
+    );
+}

tests/test_autoarr-vs-vector.cpp

@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@
 #include "../src/Autoarr/Autoarr.h"
 #include <vector>
 
-i64 _autoarrVsVector(u16 blockCount, u16 blockLength){
-    u32 count=blockLength*blockCount;
-    kprintf("\e[94mblock count: %u block length: %u count: " IFWIN("%llu", "%lu") "\n", blockCount, blockLength, (u64)count);
-    Autoarr_i64* ar=Autoarr_create(i64, blockCount, blockLength);
+i64 _autoarrVsVector(u32 count){
+    kprintf("\e[94mcount: %u\n", count);
+    Autoarr_i64 _ar;
+    Autoarr_i64* ar=&_ar;
+    Autoarr_construct(ar, i64, count, NULL);
     std::vector<i64> vec=std::vector<i64>();
     optime("Autoarr_add", count,
         Autoarr_add(ar, op_i));
@@ -16,19 +17,22 @@ i64 _autoarrVsVector(u16 blockCount, u16 blockLength){
         t=Autoarr_get(ar, op_i));
     optime("vector_get", count,
         t=vec[op_i]);
-    Autoarr_free(ar, true);
+    Autoarr_destruct(ar);
     return t;
 }
 
 void test_autoarrVsVector(){
     optime(__func__, 1, 
         kprintf("\e[96m-------[test_autoarr_vs_vector]-------\n");
-        _autoarrVsVector(4, 16);
-        _autoarrVsVector(16, 64);
-        _autoarrVsVector(32, 32);
-        _autoarrVsVector(64, 64);
-        _autoarrVsVector(32, 1024);
-        _autoarrVsVector(256, 256);
-        _autoarrVsVector(1024, 1024);
+        _autoarrVsVector(1);
+        _autoarrVsVector(4);
+        _autoarrVsVector(16);
+        _autoarrVsVector(64);
+        _autoarrVsVector(256);
+        _autoarrVsVector(1024);
+        _autoarrVsVector(4096);
+        _autoarrVsVector(16384);
+        _autoarrVsVector(65536);
+        _autoarrVsVector(524288);
     );
 }

tests/test_autoarr.c

@@ -1,53 +1,45 @@
 #include "tests.h"
 #include "../src/Autoarr/Autoarr.h"
 
+#define ARR_SZ 256
+
 static void printautoarr(Autoarr(u16)* ar){
-    kprintf("\e[94mAutoarr(u16): "
-        IFWIN("%llu", "%lu")
-        "\n  max_blocks_count: %u\n"
-        "  blocks_count: %u\n"
-        "  max_block_length: %u\n"
-        "  block_length: %u\n"
-        "  max_length: %u\n" 
-        "  length: %u\n",
+    kprintf("\e[94mAutoarr(u16): %lu\n"
+        "  length: %u",
         sizeof(Autoarr(u16)),
-        ar->max_blocks_count,
-        ar->blocks_count,
-        ar->max_block_length,
-        ar->block_length,
-        Autoarr_max_length(ar),
         Autoarr_length(ar));
 }
 
 static void fillar(Autoarr(u16)* ar){
-    for (u16 i=0;i<Autoarr_max_length(ar);i++)
+    for (u16 i=0; ARR_SZ; i++)
         Autoarr_add(ar,i);
 }
 static void resetar(Autoarr(u16)* ar){
-    for (u16 i=0;i<Autoarr_max_length(ar);i++)
-        Autoarr_set(ar,i,Autoarr_max_length(ar)-i-1);
+    for (u16 i=0; ARR_SZ; i++)
+        Autoarr_set(ar,i,ARR_SZ-i-1);
 }
 
 static void printallval(Autoarr(u16)* ar){
     kprintf("\e[90m");
-    for (u16 i=0;i<Autoarr_length(ar);i++)
+    for (u16 i=0; i<Autoarr_length(ar); i++)
         kprintf("%u ",Autoarr_get(ar,i));
     kprintf("\n");
 }
 
 void test_autoarr(){
-    optime("test_autoarr",1,
+    // optime("test_autoarr",1,
         kprintf("\e[96m------------[test_autoarr]------------\n");
-        Autoarr(u16)* ar=Autoarr_create(u16,10,16);
+        Autoarr(u16) ar;
+        Autoarr_construct(&ar, u16, ARR_SZ, NULL);
         kprintf("\e[92mautoarr created\n");
-        fillar(ar);
+        fillar(&ar);
         kprintf("\e[92mautoarr filled up\n");
-        printautoarr(ar);
-        printallval(ar);
-        resetar(ar);
+        printautoarr(&ar);
+        printallval(&ar);
+        resetar(&ar);
         kprintf("\e[92mautoarr values reset\n");
-        printallval(ar);
-        Autoarr_free(ar, true);
+        printallval(&ar);
+        Autoarr_destruct(&ar);
         kprintf("\e[92mautoarr deleted\n");
-    );
+    // );
 }

tests/test_dtsod.c

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ void test_dtsod(){
             tryLast(DtsodV24_serialize(dtsod),r,;)
                 s=r.value.VoidPtr;
         );
-        DtsodV24_free(dtsod);
+        DtsodV24_destruct(dtsod);
         kprintf("\e[92m%s",s);
 
         optime("reserialize",10,
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ void test_dtsod(){
             free(s);
             tryLast(DtsodV24_serialize(dtsod),rr,;)
                 s=rr.value.VoidPtr;
-            DtsodV24_free(dtsod);
+            DtsodV24_destruct(dtsod);
         );
 
         free(s);

tests/test_hash_functions.c

@@ -1,26 +1,33 @@
 #include "tests.h"
 #include "../src/HashFunctions/hash.h"
 #include "../src/Autoarr/Autoarr.h"
+#include "../src/random/random.h"
 
+#define SPEED_TESTS 1000000
+#define COLLISION_TESTS 64000
+char data[]="iojihi2ojo8la14nhvi3311pi[jiugbja38mo0ih6gfty88tryf-drh0lanvj03";
 
-#define SPEED_TESTS 100000
-#define COLLISION_TESTS 16000
-
-char data[]="iojihiojopijiugbjmoihftytryfdrh";
+#define rng() splitmix64_next(&rng_state)
 
 #define test_hashfunc(hasht, hashf) { \
     kprintf("\e[94mfunction: \e[92m" #hashf "\n"); \
     hasht h=0; \
-    optime("speed test", 1,  \
-        for(u32 i=0; i<SPEED_TESTS; i++) \
+    optime("speed test", SPEED_TESTS,  \
         h=hashf(h, data, sizeof(data)); \
     ); \
     /*kprintf("\e[94mhash of \"\e[90m%s\e[94m\": \e[92m%x\n",data, h);*/ \
-    Autoarr(hasht)* hashes=Autoarr_create(hasht,512,32768); \
+    Autoarr(hasht) _hashes; \
+    Autoarr(hasht)* hashes = &_hashes; \
+    Autoarr_construct(hashes, hasht, COLLISION_TESTS*sizeof(hasht), NULL); \
+    splitmix64_state rng_state; \
+    splitmix64_construct(&rng_state, random_seedFromTime()); \
     optime("collision test",1, \
         u32 collisions=0; \
         for(u64 i=0;i< COLLISION_TESTS;i++){ \
-            hasht h=hashb(hashf, (u8*)&i, sizeof(i)); \
+            u64 rn[8]; \
+            rn[0]=rng(); rn[1]=rng(); rn[2]=rng(); rn[3]=rng();\
+            rn[4]=rng(); rn[5]=rng(); rn[6]=rng(); rn[7]=rng();\
+            hasht h=hashb(hashf, rn, sizeof(rn)); \
             bool col=false; \
             Autoarr_foreach(hashes,e, \
                 if(e==h) { \
@@ -33,14 +40,14 @@ char data[]="iojihiojopijiugbjmoihftytryfdrh";
         } \
         kprintf("\e[93m%u \e[94mcollisions detected in %u hashes\n", collisions, COLLISION_TESTS); \
     ); \
-    Autoarr_free(hashes, true); \
+    Autoarr_destruct(hashes); \
     kprintf("\e[96m--------------------------------------\n"); \
 }
 
 void test_hash_functions(){
     optime("test_hash_functions",1,
         kprintf("\e[96m--------[test_hash_functions]---------\n");
-        test_hashfunc(u32, hash_crc32);
         test_hashfunc(u32, hash_sdbm32);
+        test_hashfunc(u32, hash_crc32);
     );
 }

tests/test_hashtable.c

@@ -2,60 +2,56 @@
 #include "../src/Hashtable/Hashtable.h"
 
 void print_hashtable(Hashtable* ht){
-    kprintf("\e[94mHashtable: "
-        IFWIN("%llu", "%lu")
-        "\n  hein: %u\n"
+    kprintf("\e[94mHashtable: %lu\n"
+        "  hein: %u\n"
         "  height: %u\n"
         "  rows: %p\n",
         sizeof(Hashtable),
         ht->hein,
-        Hashtable_height(ht),
+        __Hashtable_height(ht),
         ht->rows);
 }
 
-void printrowgraph(Hashtable* ht){
+void printrowgraph(allocator_ptr al, Hashtable* ht){
     kprintf("\e[94mrow length graph:\n");
     u16 lgs_l=1000;
     u32 lgs[lgs_l];
      for(u32 i=0; i<lgs_l; i++)
         lgs[i]=0; 
-    for(u16 h=0;h<Hashtable_height(ht);h++){
-        Autoarr(KVPair)* ar=ht->rows[h];
+    for(u16 h=0;h<__Hashtable_height(ht);h++){
+        Autoarr(KVPair)* ar=&ht->rows[h];
         u32 l=Autoarr_length(ar);
         lgs[l]++;
     }
     for(u32 i=0; i<lgs_l; i++)
         if(lgs[i]>0) {
-            char* str0=char_multiply(' ',i>=100?0:(i>=10?1:2));
-            char* str1=char_multiply(' ',lgs[i]>=100?0:(lgs[i]>=10?1:2));
-            char* str2=char_multiply('#',lgs[i]/100);
+            char* str0=char_multiply(al, ' ',i>=100?0:(i>=10?1:2));
+            char* str1=char_multiply(al, ' ',lgs[i]>=100?0:(lgs[i]>=10?1:2));
+            char* str2=char_multiply(al, '#',lgs[i]/100);
             kprintf("\e[94m  length: \e[96m%u %s \e[94mfrequency: \e[96m%u %s \e[90m%s\n",i,str0,lgs[i],str1,str2);
-            free(str0);
-            free(str1);
-            free(str2);
+            allocator_free(al, str2);
+            allocator_free(al, str1);
+            allocator_free(al, str0);
         }
 }
 
-char* genkey(u32 i){
-    char* key=malloc(12);
-    IFMSC(
-        sprintf_s(key,12,"key_%u",i),
-        sprintf(key,"key_%u",i)
-    );
+char* genkey(allocator_ptr al, u32 i){
+    char* key=allocator_alloc(al, 16);
+    sprintf_s(key,16,"key_%u",i);
     return key;
 }
 
-void fill(Hashtable* ht){
+void fill(allocator_ptr al, Hashtable* ht){
     for(u32 i=0;i<100000;i++)
-        Hashtable_add(ht,genkey(i),UniUInt64(i));
+        Hashtable_add(ht,genkey(al, i), UniUInt64(i));
 }
 
-Unitype gett(Hashtable* ht){
+Unitype gett(allocator_ptr al, Hashtable* ht){
     Unitype u;
     for(u32 i=0;i<100000;i++){
-        char* key=genkey(i);
+        char* key=genkey(al, i);
         u=Hashtable_get(ht,key);
-        free(key);
+        allocator_free(al, key);
     }
     return u;
 }
@@ -64,14 +60,20 @@ Unitype gett(Hashtable* ht){
 void test_hashtable(){
     optime("test_hashtable",1,
         kprintf("\e[96m-----------[test_hashtable]-----------\n");
-        Hashtable* ht=Hashtable_create();
+        StackingAllocator _al;
+        allocator_ptr al=(allocator_ptr)&_al;
+        StackingAllocator_construct(&_al, 4096);
+        Hashtable _ht;
+        Hashtable* ht=&_ht;
+        Hashtable_construct(ht, al);
         kprintf("\e[92mhashtable created\n");
         print_hashtable(ht);
-        optime("fill",1,fill(ht));
-        optime("get",1,gett(ht));
-        printrowgraph(ht);
+        optime("fill",1,fill(al, ht));
+        optime("get",1,gett(al, ht));
+        printrowgraph(al, ht);
         print_hashtable(ht);
-        Hashtable_free(ht);
+        Hashtable_destruct(ht);
         kprintf("\e[92mhashtable freed\n");
+        StackingAllocator_destruct(&_al);
     );
 }

tests/test_marshalling.c

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 #include "../src/Hashtable/KeyValuePair.h"
 
 EXPORT void CALL test_marshalling(char* text, KVPair** kptr){
-    KVPair* k=malloc(sizeof(KVPair));
+    KVPair* k=allocator_alloc(CstdAllocator_instPtr, sizeof(KVPair));
     k->key="message";
-    char* tc=cptr_copy(text);
-    Unitype u=UniHeapPtr(char,tc);
+    char* tc=cptr_copy(CstdAllocator_instPtr, text);
+    Unitype u=UniHeapPtr(char, tc);
     k->value=u;
     *kptr=k;
 }

tests/test_rng_algorithms.c

@@ -1,45 +1,43 @@
 #include "tests.h"
-#include "../src/random/krandom.h"
+#include "../src/random/random.h"
 
-
-#define test_alg(ALG, VALUE_SIZE, EXPECTED_FROM_ZERO) { \
+#define test_alg(ALG, STATE_TYPE, EXPECTED_FROM_ZERO) { \
     kprintf("\e[94mrng algorithm: \e[96m" #ALG "\n"); \
-    void* s= ALG##_init(0); \
-    u##VALUE_SIZE r=ALG##_next(s); \
+    STATE_TYPE##_state state; \
+    STATE_TYPE##_construct(&state, 0); \
+    u64 rn=ALG##_next(&state); \
     kprintf("\e[97m  next from zero seed:"); \
-    if(r!=EXPECTED_FROM_ZERO){ \
-        kprintf("\e[91m " IFWIN("%llu\n","%lu\n"), (u64)r); \
+    if(rn != EXPECTED_FROM_ZERO){ \
+        kprintf("\e[91m %lu\n", rn); \
         throw(ERR_UNEXPECTEDVAL); \
     } \
-    kprintf("\e[92m " IFWIN("%llu\n","%lu\n"), (u64)r); \
-    ALG##_free(s); \
-    s= ALG##_initFromTime(); \
-    r=ALG##_next(s); \
-    ALG##_free(s); \
-    kprintf("\e[97m  next from time seed:\e[92m " IFWIN("%llu\n","%lu\n"), (u64)r); \
+    kprintf("\e[92m %lu\n", rn); \
+    STATE_TYPE##_construct(&state, random_seedFromTime()); \
+    rn=ALG##_next(&state); \
+    kprintf("\e[97m  next from time seed:\e[92m %lu\n", rn); \
 }
 
 void test_rng_algorithms(){
-    optime("test_rng_algorithms",1,
+    // optime("test_rng_algorithms",1,
         kprintf("\e[96m--------[test_rng_algorithms]---------\n");
-        // for ALG32      
-            // xoroshiro64
-        test_alg(xoroshiro64star, 32, 932574677ULL)
-        test_alg(xoroshiro64starstar, 32, 3183060286ULL)
-            // xoshiro128
-        test_alg(xoshiro128plus, 32, 3918949401ULL)
-        test_alg(xoshiro128plusplus, 32, 1179900579ULL)
-        test_alg(xoshiro128starstar, 32, 3737715805ULL)
-        // for ALG64
-            // xoroshiro128
-        test_alg(xoroshiro128plus, 64, 4778832803ULL)
-        test_alg(xoroshiro128plusplus, 64, 626373238705583ULL)
-        test_alg(xoroshiro128starstar, 64, 11897572417920ULL)
-            // xoshiro256
-        test_alg(xoshiro256plus, 64, 15757075719729598363ULL)
-        test_alg(xoshiro256plusplus, 64, 5987356902031041503ULL)
-        test_alg(xoshiro256starstar, 64, 11091344671253066420ULL)
         // splitmix64
-        test_alg(splitmix64, 64, 16294208416658607535ULL)
-    );
+        test_alg(splitmix64,            splitmix64, 16294208416658607535ULL)
+        // 32-bit
+        // xoroshiro64
+        test_alg(xoroshiro64star,       xoroshiro64, 932574677ULL)
+        test_alg(xoroshiro64starstar,   xoroshiro64, 3183060286ULL)
+        // xoshiro128
+        test_alg(xoshiro128plus,        xoshiro128, 3918949401ULL)
+        test_alg(xoshiro128plusplus,    xoshiro128, 1179900579ULL)
+        test_alg(xoshiro128starstar,    xoshiro128, 3737715805ULL)
+        // 64-bit
+        // xoroshiro128
+        test_alg(xoroshiro128plus,      xoroshiro128, 4778832803ULL)
+        test_alg(xoroshiro128plusplus,  xoroshiro128, 626373238705583ULL)
+        test_alg(xoroshiro128starstar,  xoroshiro128, 11897572417920ULL)
+        // xoshiro256
+        test_alg(xoshiro256plus,        xoshiro256, 15757075719729598363ULL)
+        test_alg(xoshiro256plusplus,    xoshiro256, 5987356902031041503ULL)
+        test_alg(xoshiro256starstar,    xoshiro256, 11091344671253066420ULL)
+    // );
 }

tests/test_safethrow.c

@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ Maybe dont_throw(){
 }
 
 Maybe throw_error(){
-    char* k=malloc(64);
-    safethrow("test exception",free(k));
+    safethrow("test exception", kprintf("\e[94on_safethrow_free called\n"));
 }
 
 Maybe throw_errcode(){
@@ -34,10 +33,10 @@ void test_safethrow(){
         Maybe e=test_maybe();
         kprintf("\e[94mthrow_error:\n\e[92m");
         printMaybe(e);
-        Maybe_free(e);
+        Maybe_destruct(e);
         kprintf("\e[94mthrow_errcode:\n\e[92m");
         e=a();
         printMaybe(e);
-        Maybe_free(e);
+        Maybe_destruct(e);
     );
 }